Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology One > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary functions of skin?

A
  • protection
  • water barrier
  • UV light barrier
  • Sensory receptor
  • Thermal regulation
  • Vitamin D Synthesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is skin?

A

Largest organ of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Roughly what percent of body weight is skin?

A

Fifteen percent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many layers of skin are there and what are they?

A

Three: Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many layers of Epidermis are there and what are they?

A

Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Stratum Corneum?

A

The top layer of the epidermis, made of dead cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Stratum Lucidum?

A

Found only in very thick skin between the corneum and the granulosum, made of dead cells being pushed up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Stratum Granulosum?

A

Last layer of living cells being pushed to the top of the epidermis, located between the Lucidum(in thick skin) or Corneum and the Spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the Stratum Spinosum?

A

Layer of living/thriving new cells in between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the Stratum Basale?

A

The base layer of the Epidermis bordering the Dermis, single layer of new cells on the basement membrane undergoing mitosis. Merkel discs and melanocytes reside here.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a Merkel Disc?

A

The tactile cell in the stratum basale of the epidermis that senses pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a melanocyte?

A

A Melanin cell that provides yellow/brown pigment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a keritinocyte?

A

the water proofing cell, provides yellow pigment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

The red pigment molecule in red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

aden/o

A

gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

adip/o

A

fat/lipid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

steat/o

A

fat/lipid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

lip/o

A

fat/lipid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

crypt/o

A

hidden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

derm/o

A

skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

icthy/o

A

dry/scaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

kerat/o

A

horny skin/hard/cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

onychh/o

A

nail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

ungu/o

A

nail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

pil/o

A

hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

trich/o

A

hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

scler/o

A

hardening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

xer/o

A

dry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How many burn classifications are there and what are they?

A

Three: First degree, Second degree, and third degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the rule of nines used for?

A

Determining how critical a burn is.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

A burn is considered critical by the second degree in the rule of nines…

A

When over 25% of the body has 2nd degree burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

A burn is considered critical by the third degree in the rule of nines…

A

When over 10% of the body has 3rd degree burns - or - 3rd degree burns are on face, hands, or feet

37
Q

The percentage of the trunk in the Rule of Nines

A

(Rule of Nines body part) Ant/Pos 36%

38
Q

The percentage of the Head and Neck in the Rule of Nines

A

(Rule of Nines body part) Ant/Pos 9%

39
Q

The percentage of the Limbs in the Rule of Nines

A

(Rule of Nines body part) Ant/Pos L/R:9% Both:18%

40
Q

The percentage of the Lower Limbs in the Rule of Nines

A

(Rule of Nines body part)

Ant/Pos L/R:18% Both:36%

41
Q

The percentage of the genitalia in the Rule of Nines

A

(Rule of Nines body part)

1%

42
Q

Burn is considered first degree when…

A

Only goes through epidermis

43
Q

Burn is considered second degree when…

A

Goes through epidermis and upper dermal layer

44
Q

Burn is considered third degree when…

A

“Full thickness” goes through epidermis and full dermis

45
Q

An Ulcer is…?

A

A sore where the tissue is being eaten away/deteriorated from lack of blood flow and potentially creates an opening in the skin

46
Q

Decubitus Ulcer is caused by….? Especially over…?

A

Restriction of normal blood supply (ischemia leading to infarction/necrosis)
Occurs over bony projections

47
Q

What are the 3 types of skin cancer benign to most malignant?

A

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Melanoma

48
Q

Metastasis

A

Spreading of cancer cells from original tumor sites to other areas

49
Q

What is the ABCD rule and what does it characterize?

A

Characterizes Melanomas, Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, (Sometimes E{Elevation})

50
Q

What percentage of skin cancers are melanomas?

A

Only 5% of cancers are.

51
Q

What causes skin cancer

A

induced by UV rays of the sun, when cell cycle gets disrupted

52
Q

What are the skin appendages or “accessory organs” in the dermis?

A

Sweat glands, Nails, Hair follicles

53
Q

What are the types cutaneous glands?

A

Apocrine sweat, Eccrine sweat, sebaceous

54
Q

Function and placement of Apocrine glands

A

“Dirty” sweat gland, releases watery secretion filled w/ fatty acids. Only near hair follicles- found in axillary and anogenital areas

55
Q

Function and placement of Eccrine glands

A

“clean” sweat gland, releases mostly water secretions. Open directly out skin thru ducts. All over surface of the body

56
Q

Function and placement of Sebaceous glands

A

Secretes sebum, cells burst to create secretion, found only by hair follicles

57
Q

What is sebum?

A

Oil secreted from sebaceous gland that softens skin, kills bacteria, and slows water loss.

58
Q

Holocrine Gland

A

The cells burst to release secretion

59
Q

Mammary gland

A

modified apocrine gland secretes milk

60
Q

Ceruminous gland

A

modified apocrine gland secretes cerumen in external ear canal

61
Q

Cerumen

A

Ear Wax- protect ear canal

62
Q

Pigment that colors brown and black hair

A

Eumelanin

63
Q

Pigment that colors blonde hair

A

Pheomelanin

64
Q

How is red hair pigmented

A

Little eumelanin with a lot of pheomelanin

65
Q

What produces white hair

A

air in the medulla or pigment ceases production

66
Q

Hair bulb

A

takes melanocytes into the medulla for pigment

67
Q

medulla

A

center of hair follicle

68
Q

Hair receptors

A

surround the follicle making it possible to feel anything touching the hair

69
Q

What is the hair of the head?

A

Terminal

70
Q

What is the thin hair on babies(Not newborns)?

A

Vellus

71
Q

What is the hair developed on newborns that falls off easily?

A

Lenugo

72
Q

What does the nail bed display?

A

blood vessels under the skin

73
Q

What are nails?

A

Hard keratin modification of the epidermis that protects the sensitive nail bed

74
Q

What is hair?

A

A special version of epidermis composed of hard keratin sprouting from the dermis

75
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish tint to the skin caused by lack of oxygen or heat

76
Q

Erythema

A

Reddening of the skin

77
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellow tint to the skin caused by a buildup of pigment that the liver is supposed to break down

78
Q

Pallor

A

Paleness of the skin sometimes caused by shock

79
Q

Hematoma

A

collection of blood under the skin (bad bruise)

80
Q

What is the Hypodermis

A

Lipids (adipose tissue)

the subcutaneous layer

81
Q

What are the layers of the Dermis

A

Areolar Connective Tissue Proper, Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Proper

82
Q

The Dermis is what percentage of skin?

A

It is 80% of skin.

83
Q

Abrasion

A

superficial wound

84
Q

Incision

A

wound with sharp, clean edges

85
Q

Laceration

A

wound with jagged edges

86
Q

Avulsion

A

wound with loss of a complete body part

87
Q

Puncture

A

Long skinny wound going through skin and potentially muscle

88
Q

Contusion

A

Bruise causing bleeding in the dermis

Anatomy and Physiology One (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions