Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Assessment 1 > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

Blanching

A

Becoming white; paling to the greatest extent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cellulitis

A

Bacterial infection of the connective tissue of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Erythema

A

Redness of the skin caused by increased local vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Exudate

A

Fluid accumulation in a wound bed; mixture of high levels of protein and cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fibrin

A

A whitish, nonglobular protein required for blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Granulation tissue

A

A gel-like matrix of vascularized connective tissue with “beefy red” epithelial buds in a newly healing wound bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hemosiderin staining

A

The dark purple-brown color of skin caused by a buildup of iron-containing pigment derived from hemoglobin via disintegration of red blood cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Induration

A

Firm Edema with a palpable/definable edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Infection

A

Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms capable of tissue destruction accompanied by local or systemic symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Inflammation

A

Defensive reaction to tissue injury involving increased local blood flow and capillary permeability that facilitates normal wound healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lipodermatosclerosis

A

Progressive changes to the skin

Subcutaneous tissues of the ankle and lower leg in persons with venous insufficiency (fibrotic thickening with hemosiderin staining).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Maceration

A

Softening of intact skin due to prolonged exposure to fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Necrotic

A

Dead; in a wound, devitalized tissue that often is adhered to the wound bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pallor

A

Lack of color; pale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Purulent Damage

A

Thick Yellow, green or brown wound drainage that often has a foul odor, typically a sign of infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Serous Drainage

A

Thin fluid that is clear or yellow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Serosanguinous

A

Combination of serous drainage and blood (serous fluid becomes pink)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Slough

A

Loose, stringy, necrotic tissue (yellow, white, or tan)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Trophic

A

Skin changes that occur due to inadequate circulation, including hair loss, thinning of skin, and ridging of nails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sinus tract

A

Course pathway that can extend in any direction from a wound surface; results in dead space with potential for abscess formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tunneling

A

Tissue destruction along wound margins in a narrow area that may extend parallel to the skin surface or deeper into the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Undermining

A

Area of tissue under wound edges that becomes eroded; results in a large wound beneath a smaller wound opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish tint (fingers and toes); Lips and Tongue (lung disease, heart disease, and hemoglobin abnormalities).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Jaundice

A

Diffuse yellowing of the skin and sclera (chronic liver disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Erythema

A

Reddish color (blanchable)

Infection, inflammation, allergic reactions or radiation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Chronic Hyperthryroidism (Screening Inspection of the Skin by texture)

A

Soft or velvety skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Chronic hypothyroidism (Screening Inspection of the skin by texture)

A

Very rough skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Trauma (Screening inspection of the skin by texture)

A

Scarring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Scleroderma (Screening inspection of the skin by texture)

A

Fibrosis or hardening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Anxiety or Hyperhidrosis (Skin Inspection)

A

Overly Moist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Hypothyroidism/ Chronic Arterial Insufficiency (Skin Inspection)

A

Very Dry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Turgor Inspection

A

Measures skin’s elasticity & hydration status

> 3 seconds to return to normal = strong indication of moderately to severely dehydrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Effusion

A

Fluid accumulation within a joint capsule or cavity and most often results from injury or inflammation

34
Q

Edema

A

Fluid accumulation outside of joint capsules. Two common types of fluid accumulation are pitting and non-pitting.

35
Q

ABCDE Method for Melanoma

A

A- Asymmetry

B- Borders

C- Colors

D- Diameter

E- Evolving

36
Q

Alopecia

A

Hair loss (as in typical pattern balding in males)

37
Q

Hypothyroidism (Screening Inspection of the hair)

A

Sparse & Coarse

38
Q

Hyperthyroidism (Screening Inspection of the Hair)

A

Very Fine

39
Q

Malnutrition (Screening Inspection of the Hair)

A

Dry, brittle and dull

40
Q

Anorexia (Screening Inspection of the Hair)

A

Lanugo (fine, downy, peach fuzz hair on the face and body)

41
Q

Hormonal Imbalance (in women) (Screening Inspection of the Hair)

A

Hirsutism (excessive coarse hair on back, face, and chest)

42
Q
A

Beau’s Lines: Infection, protein deficiency, metabolic diseases, hypothyroidism, chemotherapy, alcoholism

43
Q
A

Lindsay’s Line: Chronic renal failure

44
Q
A

Mee’s Line: Chemotherapy, renal failure, arsenic poisoning, recent surgery

45
Q
A

Terry’s Line: Cirrhosis of the liver, heart failure, Type 2 Diabetes

46
Q
A

Spoon: Iron deficiency, anemia, Vitamin B12 deficiency

47
Q
A

Pitting: Psoriasis

48
Q
A

Clubbing: Chronic heart disease, cystic fibrosis, oxygen deprivation, chronic pulmonary disease.

49
Q
A

Yellow: Chronic bronchitis, liver disorders

50
Q

What kind of patient’s are at the greatest risk for pressure ulcers?

A

Hospitalization, Long-term care facilities, spinal cord injuries

51
Q

Pressure Ulcers

A

Localized areas of soft tissue necrosis from prolonged pressure over bone

52
Q

Risk factors for pressure ulcers?

A

Decreased mobility

Shear forces

Impaired Sensations

Moisture

Malnutrition

Advanced Age

History of previous pressure ulcers

53
Q

Common locations of pressure ulcers

A

Sacrum/ coccyx

Greater Trochanter

Ischial Tuberosity

Posterior Calcaneus

Lateral Malleolus

54
Q

Reactive Hyperemia

A

After pressure that turns the skin pale is removed, normal color returns to skin.

55
Q

Erythema

A

Redness over areas of tissue irritation

56
Q

Non- blanchable erythema

A

Areas of redness that do not become pale when pressure is applied

57
Q

Stage 1 (of Clinical Staging)

A

Skin is intact, localized non blanchable erythema, At-risk tissues

58
Q

Stage 2 (of Clinical Staging)

A

Shallow crater, red/pink wound bed, loss of epidermis & partial thickness of dermis

59
Q

Stage 3 (of Clinical Staging)

A

Deep Crater. Undermining or tunneling may be present. Loss of epidermis, dermis & subcutaneous tissue.

60
Q

Stage 4 (of Clinical Staging)

A

Deep Crater with extensive necrotic tissue.

Undermining or tunneling present

Full thickness loss of tissue with visible bone, tendon or joint

61
Q

Unstageable (of Clinical Staging)

A

Crater with base covered by slough.

62
Q

Suspected Deep Tissue Injury (of Clinical Staging)

A

Deep Purple or Maroon area of skin discoloration covered by intact skin. Unable to determine actual tissues involved.

63
Q

Common cause of neuropathic ulcers

A

Diabetes Mellitus

64
Q

Neuropathic ulcers are:

A

Wounds caused by mechanical stress and have significant sensory loss.

65
Q

Sensory Diabetic Neuropathy

A

Damage to small afferent nerve fibers

Most significant risk factor for neuropathic ulcers

66
Q

Motor Diabetic Neuropathy

A

Damage to large efferent motor nerve fibers

Atrophy and weakness of intrinsic foot muscles

67
Q

Autonomic Diabetic Neuropathy

A

Damage to large efferent autonomic nerve fibers

Deceased sweating & oil production in skin.

68
Q

0 on Modified Wagner Scale

A

At-risk foot

69
Q

1 on Modified Wagner Scale

A

Superficial, noninfected ulceration

70
Q

2 on Modified Wagner Scale

A

Deep ulceration, joint or tendon exposed

71
Q

3 on Modified Wagner Scale

A

Extensive ulceration, bone exposed

72
Q

A on Modified Wagner Scale

A

Nonischemic

73
Q

B on Modified Wagner Scale

A

Ischemia

74
Q

C on Modified Wagner Scale

A

Gangrene on part of foot

75
Q

D on Modified Wagner Scale

A

Gangrene on entire foot

76
Q

Superficial burn depth

A

Epidermis

Red and Dry

Heals within 1 week (minimal to no scarring)

77
Q

Superficial partial thickness burn depth

A

Epidermis and top layer of dermis

Blister & moist, blanchable, moderate erythema, very painful

Heals within 2 weeks (minimal scarring)

78
Q

Deep partial thickness burn depth

A

Epidermis and dermis

Mottled red & white areas, blanchable skin (slow), very painful

Heals within 3 weeks if area is small (up to several months for larger areas)

May require surgical intervention if wound is large

Results in scarring and permanent pigment changes.

79
Q

Full thickness burn depth

A

Epidermis, dermis and hypodermis

Very mottled

Eschar is rigid, dry and leathery.

Little pain.

Sensation to pain, pressure and temperature is lost

Requires greater than 3 weeks to close, requires closure and grafting, permanent pigment changes, may result in contractures depending on location

80
Q

Subdermal

A

Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis and tissues underneath the hypodermis

Skin has dry, charred appearance, deep tissues are exposed

Requires surgical intervention, may require amputation, may result in paralysis of the area, significant scarring and pigment changes.

81
Q

Total Body Surface Area - Rule of 9’s

A
  1. 5% of head
  2. 5% of back of head

9% of upper chest

9% of upper back

9% of abdomen

9% of lower back

18% of right leg

18% of left leg

9% of right arm

9% of left arm

1% genitalia

Clinical Assessment 1 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions