Integumentary system

Question 1

Function

Answer 1

Encloses internal body structures; site of many sensory receptors; thermoregulation; vitamin D synthesis

Question 2

Main Organs

Answer 2

Hair, Skin, Nails

Question 3

Protection

Answer 3

The skin protects the rest of the body from the basic elements of nature such as wind, water, and UV sunlight.

Question 4

Sensory Function

Answer 4

The skin acts as a sense organ because the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis contain specialized sensory nerve structures that detect touch, surface temperature, and pain.

Question 5

Thermoregulation

Answer 5

When the sweat evaporates from the skin surface, the body is cooled as body heat is dissipated.

Question 6

Vitamin D Synthesis

Answer 6

The epidermal layer of human skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation. In the presence of sunlight, a form of vitamin D3 called cholecalciferol is synthesized in the skin. Vitamin D is essential for normal absorption of calcium and phosphorous, which are required for healthy bones.

Question 7

Skin

Answer 7

The skin is made of multiple layers of cells and tissues, which are held to underlying structures by connective tissue.

Question 8

There are three main layers

Answer 8

Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis

Question 9

Types of skyn

Answer 9

Thin skin and Thinck Skin

Question 10

Keratinocyte

Answer 10

The cells in all of the layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes. A keratinocyte is a cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin.

Question 11

Keratin

Answer 11

Is an intracellular fibrous protein that gives hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water-resistant properties.

Question 12

Stratum basale

Answer 12

The stratum basale is a single layer of cells primarily made of basal cells.

Question 13

Markel cell

Answer 13

Which functions as a receptor and is responsible for stimulating sensory nerves that the brain perceives as touch.

Question 14

Melanocyte

Answer 14

A cell that produces the pigment melanin. Melanin gives hair and skin its color, and also helps protect the living cells of the epidermis from ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage.

Question 15

Fun Fanct

Answer 15

In a growing fetus, fingerprints form where the cells of the stratum basale meet the papillae of the underlying dermal layer (papillary layer), resulting in the formation of the ridges on your fingers that you recognize as fingerprints.

Question 16

Stratum spinosum

Answer 16

Has a grainy appearance due to further changes to the keratinocytes as they are pushed from the stratum spinosum

Question 17

Stratum lucidum

Answer 17

A smooth, seemingly translucent layer of the epidermis located just above the stratum granulosum and below the stratum corneum

Question 18

Stratum corneum

Answer 18

The most superficial layer of the epidermis and is the layer exposed to the outside environment

Question 19

Hair

Answer 19

Is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis

Question 20

Follice

Answer 20

Strands of hair originate in an epidermal penetration of the dermis.

Question 21

Shaft

Answer 21

Is the part of the hair not anchored to the follicle, and much of this is exposed at the skin’s surface.

Question 22

Root

Answer 22

The rest of the hair, which is anchored in the follicle, lies below the surface of the skin and is referred to as the hair root

Question 23

Nail

Answer 23

The nail body is composed of densely packed dead keratinocytes. The epidermis in this part of the body has evolved a specialized structure upon which nails can form

Question 24

Free edge

Answer 24

Furthest from the cuticle, is called the hyponychium.

Question 25

Lunula

Answer 25

The nail bed is rich in blood vessels, making it appear pink, except at the base, where a thick layer of epithelium over the nail matrix forms a crescent-shaped region.

Question 26

Cutlique

Answer 26

The nail fold that meets the proximal end of the nail body forms, also called the eponychium

Question 27

Sweat glands

Answer 27

Sweat glands develop from epidermal projections into the dermis and are classified as merocrine glands.

Question 28

Pores

Answer 28

Our skin is covered with tiny holes called pores, which contain sebaceous glands (also called oil glands) that make sebum, an oil that moistens your hair and skin.

Question 29

Eccrine

Answer 29

Is type of gland that produces a hypotonic sweat for thermoregulation. They are coiled glands lying deep in the dermis.

Question 30

Apocrine

Answer 30

Is usually associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas, such as armpits and genital region.

Question 31

Nail root

Answer 31

Which has a matrix of proliferating cells from the stratum basale that enables the nail to grow continuously.

Question 32

Epidermis

Answer 32

The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, and protects the body from the environment. The thickness of the epidermis varies in different types of skin.

Question 33

Dermis

Answer 33

The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that compose an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.

Question 34

Hypodermis

Answer 34

The hypodermis (also called the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is a layer directly below the dermis and serves to connect the skin to the underlying fascia of the bones and muscles.

Question 35

Keratin

Answer 35

Is an intracellular fibrous protein that gives hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water-resistant properties.

Question 36

Keratinocyte

Answer 36

Is a cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin.

Question 37

Stratum basale

Answer 37

Deepest epidermal layer (the base) and attaches the epidermis to the basal lamina, below which lie the layers of the dermis.

Question 38

Stratum spinosum

Answer 38

Spiny in appearance due to the protruding cell processes that join the cells via a structure called a desmosome.

Question 39

Stratum granulosum

Answer 39

The cells become flatter, their cell membranes thicken, and they generate large amounts of the proteins keratin and keratohyalin, which accumulates as lamellar granules within the cells.

Question 40

Stratum lucidum

Answer 40

This thin layer of cells is found only in the thick skin of the palms, soles, and digits. The keratinocytes that compose the stratum lucidum are dead and flattened

Question 41

Stratum corneum

Answer 41

The most superficial layer of the epidermis and is the layer exposed to the outside environment. The increased keratinization.

Question 42

Thick skin

Answer 42

Is thicker due to it containing an extra layer in the epidermis, called the stratum lucidum.

Question 43

Thin skin

Answer 43

When thin skin develops an appearance like tissue paper, it's called crepey skin. Thin skin is a common condition in older adults and is most noticeable in the face, arms, and hands.

Question 44

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 44

Symptoms: white way waxy bump

Question 45

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 45

Flat cells that looks scaly almost,and are found in that tissue Causesd by sun exposure & genes

Question 46

Melanoma

Answer 46

Skin cancer that forms melanocytes | Can cause sores that don't heal redne's swelling

Question 47

Eczema

Answer 47

Skinn condition that can make your skin red itchy and flaky. Dry skin No cure

Question 48

Acne

Answer 48

Occurs when the pores of your skin become blocked with oil | Cleanese gently twice daily

Question 49

1st Degree skin burn

Answer 49

Can be caused by sunburns,scalding Peeling sking Run cool water on it, use aloe vera or seea doctor

Question 50

2nd Dregree burn

Answer 50

Deep | Look for blisters

Question 51

3rd Dregree brun

Answer 51

Worse than look All nerves dead Reaches hypodermis