Integumentary System Flashcards
Sebaceous glands
sebum that lubricates the skin and discourages bacteria growth on the skin
Keratin
fibrous, water-repellent protein
Melanocytes
melanin cells
Collagen
fixable, fibrous protein material found in the skin and bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments
Mast cells
found in the connective tissue of the dermis, respond to injury, infection, or allergy by producing and releasing substances, including heparin and histamine
Arrector pili
tiny muscle fibres attached to the hair follicles that cause hair to erect
Ungus
fingernail/toenail
Acne Vulgaris
acne; chronic inflammatory disease characterized by pustular eruptions of the skin caused by overproduction of sebum around hair shaft
Comedo
Non infected lesion formed by buildup of sebum and keratin
Sebaceous Cyst
Closed sac with sebaceous gland that’s found just under the skin
Seborrhea
Overactivity of sebaceous glands that result in overproduction of sebum
Seborrheic dermatitis
inflammation caused by seborrhoea that causes scaling and itching of the upper layers of skin or scalp
Seborrheic Keratosis
Benign skin growth that appears waxy, these growths can vary in colour
Anhidrosis
Abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat
Diaphoresis
Profuse sweating, normal condition when brought on by heat or exertion
Heat rash
Intensely itchy rash caused by blockage of the sweat glands by bacteria and dead skin cells
Hyperhidrosis
Condition of excessive sweating in one area or all over the body; can also occur during sleep
Follictilitis
Hair follicle inflammation
Trichomycosis axillaris
Infection of hair shafts in the armpit
Hirustism
Presence of excessive body and facial hair in women
Alopecia
Partial or complete loss of hair
Clubbing
Abnormal curving of nails; can be caused by pulmonary or coronary disease/can be hereditary
Koilonychia
Malformation of the nails where the outer surface is concave or scooped out like the bowl of a spoon; indication of iron-deficient anemia
Onychia
Inflammation of the matrix of the nail resulting in the loss of the nail
Onychocryptosis
Ingrown toenail usually on the big toe, grows inwards and cuts the skin
Onychomycosis
Fungal infection of the nail, depending on the type of fungus involved
Onychophagia
Nail biting/cutting
Paronychia
Acute/Chronic infection of skin folds around a nail
Age spots
Solar lentigines/liver spots; discolouration caused by sun exposure
Albinism
Genetic condition caused by deficiency of pigment; missing enzyme that is needed for melanin production
Chloasma
Melasma/Mask of pregnancy is a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face
Vitiligo
Skin condition resulting from the destruction of melanocytes due to unknown causes
Contusion
Injury to underlying tissues without breaking the skin; characterized by discolouration and pain, caused by accumulation of blood within the skin
Ecchymosis
Bruise
Purpura
Multiple purple discolourations
Petechiae
Very small, pinpoint hemorrhages, result from high fevers
Crust
Scab (Collection of dried serum and cellular debris)
Erosion
Wearing away of surface
Macule
Discoloured Flat spot
Nodule
Solid, raised skin lesion
Papule
Small, raised red lesion
Plaque
Scaly, solid raised area
Scales
Flakes or dry patches
Verrucae
Small warts
Plantar Warts
Verrucae on the foot
Wheal
Welt; small itchy bump