Integumentary System

Question 1

What are the 3 layers of skin?

Answer 1

Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue)

Question 2

What are the accessory structures of the skin?

Answer 2

Skin appendages: hair, nail, sweat glands, sebaceous & mammary glands

Sensory receptors
Nerves
Blood vessels
Lymphatic vessels

Question 3

Differences between thick skin and thin skin?

Answer 3

Thick skin
- Found on palms, soles, fingers & toes.
- Has sweat glands, but no hair, nor sebaceous glands

Thin skin:
- Covers the rest of the body
- Has hair follicles, sebaceous & sweat glands

Question 4

Type of epithelium found in epidermis?

Answer 4

Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

Question 5

Is the epidermis vascular or avascular?
How does it received nutrients?

Answer 5

Avascular. Receives nutrients from the dermis.

Question 6

Types of epithelial cells in epidermis?

Answer 6

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, basal cells

Question 7

Stratas found in thick skin

Answer 7

Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Germinativum

Question 8

Stratas found in thin skin

Answer 8

Stratum Corneum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Germinativum

Question 9

Dermis consists of?

Answer 9

Connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves and epidermal derivatives

Question 10

Layers found in the Dermis?

Answer 10

Papillary layer
Reticular layer

Question 11

Characteristic of the papillary layer of the dermis

Answer 11

Dermal papillae interdigitating with epidermal ridges.
Shapes of epidermal ridges on fingertips determine fingerprints

Question 12

Special structures found in dermis of thin skin?

Answer 12

Hair follicle, Arrector pili, Sebaceous gland, Sweat gland, Mammary gland, Ceruminous gland

Question 13

Special structures found in dermis of thick skin?

Answer 13

Sweat glands, Mammary glands, Ceruminous gland

Question 14

Function of the subcutaneous tissue

Answer 14

• Anchors dermis to deeper structures
• Contains adipose tissue for protection and cushion

Question 15

Sweat glands are also known as

Answer 15

Sudoriferous glands

Question 16

Types of sweat glands

Answer 16

Eccrine sweat gland
Apocrine sweat gland

Question 17

Eccrine sweat gland is also known as

Answer 17

Merocrine sweat gland

Question 18

Location of eccrine sweat glands

Answer 18

Found in most part of body skin

Question 19

Movement of sweat produced by eccrine sweat gland

Answer 19

Sweat moves to skin surface

Question 20

What are the components of sweat produced by merocrine sweat glands

Answer 20

Salt, water and waste

Question 21

Function of sweat

Answer 21

To cool the body

Question 22

Location of Apocrine sweat glands

Answer 22

Axilla, Areola & nipples of the breast, eyelids, external auditory meatus, wings of the nostrils and some part of external genitalia

Question 23

Which is the larger sweat gland?

Answer 23

Apocrine

Question 24

Apocrine sweat gland is associated with

Answer 24

hair follicles

Question 25

Characteristics and components of sweat produced by apocrine sweat glands

Answer 25

Viscous secretion, made of fatty acid and protein Odorous when broken down by bacteria

Question 26

Location of sebaceous glands

Answer 26

Associated with hair follicles Found on the surface at lips and glans penis

Question 27

What do sebaceous glands produce

Answer 27

Sebum

Question 28

What does sebum contain

Answer 28

Lipid, cholesterol, proteins and salt

Question 29

When does secretion of sebum increase?

Answer 29

During puberty

Question 30

Functions of sebum

Answer 30

Keeps hair from drying Inhibits bacteria Prevents excessive water evaporation from skin

Question 31

Acne forms due to

Answer 31

Infected blackheads

Question 32

Blackheads are formed when..

Answer 32

Sebaceous glands are full of dried sebum and keratin

Question 33

Formation of sebaceous cysts occurs when?

Answer 33

The sebaceous gland stays blocked

Question 34

Hair comprises of?

Answer 34

Keratin

Question 35

Do hair follicles exist on thick skin?

Answer 35

No

Question 36

Location of hair

Answer 36

Found on most part of the body surface

Question 37

Hair grows from the

Answer 37

Hair follicle

Question 38

Hair colour is due to

Answer 38

melanin produced by melanocytes

Question 39

Blond and red hair contains?

Answer 39

iron and sulfur

Question 40

Warts are caused by infection by?

Answer 40

Human papillomavirus

Question 41

How does HPV spread?

Answer 41

From person to person by direct/indirect contact

Question 42

Early HPV vaccination may prevent HPV-attributable cancers by?

Answer 42

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