Integumentary System

Question 1

The two main components of the Integument

Answer 1

cutaneous membrane and accessory structures

Question 2

The cutaneous membrane is also known as the…

Answer 2

skin

Question 3

The three main accessory structures are:

Answer 3

hair, nail, and exocrine glands

Question 4

This function of the integument provides cover, softens impacts, and prevents chemicals and foreign materials from entering.

Answer 4

protection

Question 5

This function helps regulate heat exchange with the environment.

Answer 5

temperature maintenance

Question 6

This function is responsible for the production of Vitamin D, that will aid in Calcium uptake…it is also the reason for adipose!

Answer 6

Synthesis and storage of nutrients

Question 7

This function of the integument will detect touch, pressure, pain, and temperature and relay that information to the nervous system.

Answer 7

Sensory reception

Question 8

Glands will give off salts, water, and organic wastes…are part of this function:

Answer 8

Excretion & secretion

Question 9

This part of the cutaneous membrane consists of stratified squamous epithelium and has multiple layers.

Answer 9

Epidermis

Question 10

The palms of hands and soles of feet have 5 layers of epidermis, making it:

Answer 10

thick skin

Question 11

The skin covering the body consists of 4 layers and is called:

Answer 11

thin skin

Question 12

Layers of the epidermis are also called:

Answer 12

Strata

Question 13

This layer is the deepest layer that is firmly attached to the basement membrane.

Answer 13

stratum basale

Question 14

Ridges of the epidermis are needed for not only increasing the surface area of skin, but to…

Answer 14

Increase friction, ensuring a secure grip

Question 15

melanocytes produce the pigment

Answer 15

melanin

Question 16

The intermediate strata has ____ layers

Answer 16

three

Question 17

The bottommost layer of the intermediate strata that is spiny and continuously divide is the:

Answer 17

Stratum Spinosim

Question 18

The middle intermediate strata that is grainy, has stopped dividing, and will produce keratin is the:

Answer 18

Stratum Granulosum

Question 19

The topmost layer of the intermediate strata is clear, has flattened cells that are densely packed and filled with keratin is the:

Answer 19

Stratum Lucidum

Question 20

The most superficial layer of the epidermis consisting of 15-30 layers of flattened, dead, keratin filled cells.

Answer 20

Stratum Corneum

Question 21

This layer of the cutaneous membrane is in the middle and has two components.

Answer 21

The dermis

Question 22

This is the superficial layer of the dermis which consists of loose connective tissue, capillaries, and nerves.

Answer 22

Papillary layer

Question 23

This is the deeper layer of the dermis which consists of interwoven meshworks of dense, irregular connective tissue that has both elastic and collagen fibers.

Answer 23

Reticular layer

Question 24

This is the bottommost layer of the cutaneous membrane that is an extensive network of connective tissue fibers and has large blood vessels.

Answer 24

Hypodermis (Subcutaneous layer)

Question 25

This is where adipose is found:

Answer 25

Hypodermis

Question 26

The purpose of adipose is not only to cushion organs and provide reserve energy, but to:

Answer 26

Help reduce heat loss

Question 27

This accessory structure is found everywhere but the soles of your feet, palms of your hands, sides of fingers & toes, lips, and portions of external genitalia.

Answer 27

Hair

Question 28

True or False? Hair is living and is produced in organs called hair follicles.

Answer 28

False, hair is non-living

Question 29

This structure of hair is like a bulb and contains capillaries and nerves.

Answer 29

Hair papilla

Question 30

This structure of hair anchors the hair into the skin.

Answer 30

Hair Root

Question 31

This is the structure of hair that emerges from the skin.

Answer 31

Hair shaft

Question 32

This is the outermost portion of the hair shaft, it looks like shingles on a roof.

Answer 32

Cuticle

Question 33

This is the middle of the hair shaft, it contains pigment granules.

Answer 33

Cortex

Question 34

This is the innermost portion of the hair shaft, not everyone has one, and its a conglomeration of pigment granules.

Answer 34

Medulla

Question 35

Hair has many functions including protection from UV light, cushioning light blows to the head, insulating the skull, sensory info, and.....

Answer 35

Preventing foreign materials from entering the body (eyebrows, eyelashes, nose and ear hair!)

Question 36

These are oil glands. Their oil mainly inhibits the growth of bacteria.

Answer 36

Sebaceous glands

Question 37

Sebaceous glands numbers increase as you mature and are sensitive to:

Answer 37

changes in sex hormones

Question 38

The oil from sebaceous glands can cause this not-so-very-fun condition.

Answer 38

acne

Question 39

The two types of sweat glands are:

Answer 39

apocrine and merocrine

Question 40

apocrine sweat glands are found in:

Answer 40

armpits, around nipples, and the groin

Question 41

The apocrine sweat glands discharge a cloudy, sticky, odorous secretion after the body goes through this process:

Answer 41

puberty

Question 42

Apocrine sweat gland discharge is only odorous when:

Answer 42

bacteria break it down

Question 43

Merocrine sweat glands are found in the skin, especially the:

Answer 43

soles of feet and palms of hands

Question 44

A human can have up to ______ merocrine sweat glands.

Answer 44

5 million

Question 45

The sweat secretion from the merocrine glands consists of 99%...

Answer 45

water

Question 46

The other 1% of merocrine sweat is electrolytes (_____), organic nutrients, and waste (_____)

Answer 46

NaCl (salt) and Urea

Question 47

This accessory structure forms on the dorsal surface of fingers and toes.

Answer 47

Nails

Question 48

Nails protect the tips of fingers and toes and help limit

Answer 48

their distortion when subjected to stress

Question 49

This is the visible portion of the nail

Answer 49

Nail body

Question 50

This portion of the nail covers the epidermis

Answer 50

nail bed

Question 51

This part of the nail forms the cuticle and is found under the skin

Answer 51

Nail root

Question 52

These are formed when platelets stick together and fibrin proteins gather to form a clot, which will then dry. Nature's Band-Aid!

Answer 52

A Scab

Question 53

This is created at the site of trauma to reinforce repair efforts, it is made mostly of fibrous connective tissue and collagen.

Answer 53

Scar Tissue

Question 54

The crescent of the nail

Answer 54

lunula

Question 55

Fold that covers the exposed nail

Answer 55

cuticle