Integumentary System

Question 1

Two divisions are

Answer 1

Epidermis

Dermis

Question 2

Epidermis

Answer 2

On top

Question 3

Dermis

Answer 3

Bottom layer

Question 4

Deep to skin

Answer 4

Hypodermis (superficial fascia)

Question 5

Epidermis is composed of

Answer 5

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Keratin- waterproofing protein

Question 6

Cells of the Epidermis

Answer 6

Keratinocytes

Melanocytes

Merkel cells

Question 7

Keratinocytes

Answer 7

Cells that produce keratin

Question 8

Melanocytes

Answer 8

Cells that produce melanin

Question 9

Merkel cells

Answer 9

Touch receptors

Question 10

Epidermal Layers(listed deepest to superficial)

Answer 10

Stratum basale (germinativum)
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum

Question 11

Stratum lucidum is only found in

Answer 11

thick skin (palmar and plantar regions)

Question 12

Stratum corneum

Constantly

Answer 12

sheds cells from here

Question 13

All cells above this layer are dead because there are no blood vessels

Answer 13

Stratum granulosum

Question 14

Dermis is mainly

Answer 14

dense irregular CT

Question 15

Two layers of the dermis are

Answer 15

2 layers - papillary and reticular

Question 16

Papillary layer

Answer 16

1.Superficial region

2. Dermal papillae contain capillaries & tactile (Meissner’s) corpuscles
   
   • lightest touch to respond

3.Dermal ridges present on palmar & plantar regions

Question 17

Reticular layer is the

Answer 17

Deeper part of dermis

Question 18

Hypodermis is

Answer 18

Subcutaneous layer (deep to the skin)

Question 19

Hypodermis is composed of

Answer 19

mostly adipose CT

Question 20

Hypodermis attaches

Answer 20

skin to underlying muscle

Question 21

Hypodermis gets thicker when

Answer 21

you gain weight/age

Question 22

Reticular layer accounts for

Answer 22

approximately 80% of the thickness of the skin

Question 23

Reticular layer Contains

Answer 23

lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles

-Takes more pressure to respond

Question 24

Three pigments contribute to

Answer 24

Skin color

Question 25

The 3 pigments are

Answer 25

Melanin Carotene Hemoglobin

Question 26

Attributes of melanin

Answer 26

Darkest Freckles and pigmented moles Easiest broken down in caucasion people

Question 27

Attributes of Carotene

Answer 27

Orange | Found in orange foods

Question 28

Attributes of Hemoglobin

Answer 28

Blood supply | Embarrassment - reason why your face turns red

Question 29

Glands contained in the integument

Answer 29

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands Ceruminous glands Mammary glands Sebaceous (oil) glands

Question 30

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands function

Answer 30

Secrete sweat to cool you down

Question 31

Ceruminous glands function

Answer 31

Secrete wax in ears

Question 32

Mammary glands function

Answer 32

Secrete milk during lactation

Question 33

Sebaceous (oil) glands function

Answer 33

Secrete sebum (oil) ~ sebum is acidic and that helps decrease the numbers of bacteria on the skin

Question 34

Functions of integument

Answer 34

Protection Sensation Produces vitamin D in presence of sunlight Thermoregulation

Question 35

Occurs Cutaneous vasoconstriction

Answer 35

During thermoregulation Skin vessels constrict Less blood gets to this area which means the blood is maintaining the normal body temperature - maintain heat to stay warm

Question 36

Occurs during Cutaneous vasodilation

Answer 36

During thermoregulation Skin vessels enlarge Allows more blood to flow through and allow heat to be lost

Question 37

Arrector pili

Answer 37

Muscle that is attached to the hair follicle

Question 38

When muscle contracts

Answer 38

hair stands up and gives you goose bumps

Question 39

Preview of what’s to come: Old Age

Answer 39

Regeneration slows (skin becomes thinner) Intolerance of cold Wrinkles Increased risk of skin cancer

Question 40

Increased risk of skin cancer because

Answer 40

decreased number of melanocytes

Question 41

Only epidermis is damaged

Answer 41

First degree burn

Question 42

Part of the dermis (papillary layer) | Ex: blisters

Answer 42

Second degree burn

Question 43

Third degree burn

Answer 43

Entire thickness of the skin including the hypodermis No pain because the nerves were burnt, the pain would be coming from the second degree Skin grafts needed

Question 44

First threat to life

Answer 44

Fluid loss | Dehydration

Question 45

Second threat to life

Answer 45

Infection

Question 46

Desmosomes

Answer 46

tight cell junctions prevent skin from tearing

Question 47

Rapid spread of cancer tissue to another tissue

Answer 47

Metastasis