Integumentary System Flashcards Preview

Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Flashcards in Integumentary System Deck (47)
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1
Q

Two divisions are

A

Epidermis

Dermis

2
Q

Epidermis

A

On top

3
Q

Dermis

A

Bottom layer

4
Q

Deep to skin

A

Hypodermis (superficial fascia)

5
Q

Epidermis is composed of

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Keratin- waterproofing protein

6
Q

Cells of the Epidermis

A

Keratinocytes

Melanocytes

Merkel cells

7
Q

Keratinocytes

A

Cells that produce keratin

8
Q

Melanocytes

A

Cells that produce melanin

9
Q

Merkel cells

A

Touch receptors

10
Q

Epidermal Layers(listed deepest to superficial)

A
Stratum basale (germinativum)
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
11
Q

Stratum lucidum is only found in

A

thick skin (palmar and plantar regions)

12
Q

Stratum corneum

Constantly

A

sheds cells from here

13
Q

All cells above this layer are dead because there are no blood vessels

A

Stratum granulosum

14
Q

Dermis is mainly

A

dense irregular CT

15
Q

Two layers of the dermis are

A

2 layers - papillary and reticular

16
Q

Papillary layer

A

1.Superficial region

  1. Dermal papillae contain capillaries & tactile (Meissner’s) corpuscles
    • lightest touch to respond

3.Dermal ridges present on palmar & plantar regions

17
Q

Reticular layer is the

A

Deeper part of dermis

18
Q

Hypodermis is

A

Subcutaneous layer (deep to the skin)

19
Q

Hypodermis is composed of

A

mostly adipose CT

20
Q

Hypodermis attaches

A

skin to underlying muscle

21
Q

Hypodermis gets thicker when

A

you gain weight/age

22
Q

Reticular layer accounts for

A

approximately 80% of the thickness of the skin

23
Q

Reticular layer Contains

A

lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles

-Takes more pressure to respond

24
Q

Three pigments contribute to

A

Skin color

25
Q

The 3 pigments are

A

Melanin
Carotene
Hemoglobin

26
Q

Attributes of melanin

A

Darkest
Freckles and pigmented moles
Easiest broken down in caucasion people

27
Q

Attributes of Carotene

A

Orange

Found in orange foods

28
Q

Attributes of Hemoglobin

A

Blood supply

Embarrassment - reason why your face turns red

29
Q

Glands contained in the integument

A

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands
Ceruminous glands
Mammary glands
Sebaceous (oil) glands

30
Q

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands function

A

Secrete sweat to cool you down

31
Q

Ceruminous glands function

A

Secrete wax in ears

32
Q

Mammary glands function

A

Secrete milk during lactation

33
Q

Sebaceous (oil) glands function

A

Secrete sebum (oil) ~ sebum is acidic and that helps decrease the numbers of bacteria on the skin

34
Q

Functions of integument

A

Protection
Sensation
Produces vitamin D in presence of sunlight
Thermoregulation

35
Q

Occurs Cutaneous vasoconstriction

A

During thermoregulation
Skin vessels constrict
Less blood gets to this area which means the blood is maintaining the normal body temperature - maintain heat to stay warm

36
Q

Occurs during Cutaneous vasodilation

A

During thermoregulation
Skin vessels enlarge
Allows more blood to flow through and allow heat to be lost

37
Q

Arrector pili

A

Muscle that is attached to the hair follicle

38
Q

When muscle contracts

A

hair stands up and gives you goose bumps

39
Q

Preview of what’s to come: Old Age

A

Regeneration slows (skin becomes thinner)
Intolerance of cold
Wrinkles
Increased risk of skin cancer

40
Q

Increased risk of skin cancer because

A

decreased number of melanocytes

41
Q

Only epidermis is damaged

A

First degree burn

42
Q

Part of the dermis (papillary layer)

Ex: blisters

A

Second degree burn

43
Q

Third degree burn

A

Entire thickness of the skin including the hypodermis
No pain because the nerves were burnt, the pain would be coming from the second degree
Skin grafts needed

44
Q

First threat to life

A

Fluid loss

Dehydration

45
Q

Second threat to life

A

Infection

46
Q

Desmosomes

A

tight cell junctions prevent skin from tearing

47
Q

Rapid spread of cancer tissue to another tissue

A

Metastasis