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Flashcards in Histology Deck (44)
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1
Q

Tissues

A

Groups of cells similar in structure and function

2
Q

The four types of tissues are

A
  1. Epithelial
  2. Connective
  3. Muscle
  4. Neural
3
Q

Functions of Epithelial Tissue are

A
  1. Protection
  2. Control permeability
  3. Secretion
  4. Sensory reception
4
Q

Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue are

A
  1. Cellularity
  2. Connections
  3. Polarity
  4. Supported by connective tissue
  5. Avascular but innervated
  6. Regenerative
5
Q

Cellularity is

A

composed almost entirely of cells

6
Q

Connections are

A

cells held together by tight junctions and desmosomes

7
Q

Polarity

A

apical and basal surfaces

8
Q

Supportive connective tissue is

A

basement membrane

9
Q

Regenerative

A

rapidly replaces lost cells by mitosis

10
Q

Two apical modifications are

A
  1. Cilia

2. Microvilli

11
Q

Classification of Epithelia

A
  1. # of cell layers

2. Shape of cells

12
Q

Stratified tissues are named by

A

the shape of the apical layer of cells

13
Q

Endothelium and mesothelium are both

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

14
Q

Endothelium lines the

A

inside of the heart and blood vessels

15
Q

Mesothelium lines the

A

pericardial cavity and the peritoneal cavity

16
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Single layer of cube like cells with large,spherical, centralized nuclei

17
Q

Function of Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Secretion and absorption

18
Q

Location of Function of Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Kidney tubules;ducts and secretary portions of small glands; ovary surface

19
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

Single layer with tall cells with round to oval nuclei; some cells bear cilia; layer may contain mucus secreting unicellular glands

20
Q

Function of Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes,and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus by ciliated action

21
Q

Location of Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

Non ciliated type lines most of the digestive tract , gallbladder and excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi,uterine tubes and some regions of the uterus

22
Q

Pseudostratified (ciliated) Columnar Epithelium

A

Single layer of cells differing heights, some not reaching the free surface; nuclei seen at different levels; may contain goblet cells and bear cilia

23
Q

Function of Pseudostratified (ciliated) Columnar Epithelium

A

Secretion particularly of mucus; propulsion of mucus by ciliary action

24
Q

Location of Pseudostratified (ciliated) Columnar Epithelium

A

Non ciliated type in males sperm carrying ducts and ducts of large glands; ciliated variety lines the trachea most of the upper respiratory system

25
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

A

Thick membrane composed of many cell layers; basal cells are cubodial or columnar and metabolically active;;surface cells are flattened

26
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium function

A

Protects underlying tissue in areas subjected to abrasion.

27
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium location

A

Nonkeratintized type forms the moist lining of the esophagus mouth and vagina; keratintized variety forms the epidermis of the skin a dry membrane

28
Q

Transitional Epithelium

A

Resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal; surface cells dome shaped or squamous like depending on degree of organ stretch

29
Q

Transitional Epithelium function

A

Stretches readily and prevents distension of urinary organ by contained urine

30
Q

Transitional Epithelium location

A

Lines the ureters, bladder and part of the urethra

31
Q

Glands are

A

epithelial tissue

32
Q

Secrete product into duct

A

Exocrine glands

33
Q

Examples of exocrine glands

A

Ex: mucous, sweat, oil, and salivary glands

Goblet (mucous) cell- unicellular gland

34
Q

No ducts: secretions picked up by bloodstream

A

Endocrine glands

35
Q

Exocrine glands are characterized by

A

their mode of secretion

36
Q

secretes product outside of cell without harming cell

A

Merocrine

37
Q

Part of cell breaks off

A

Apocrine

38
Q

Cell explodes

A

Holocrine

39
Q

Examples of merocrine

A

sweat & salivary glands

40
Q

Examples of apocrine

A

mammary glands

41
Q

Examples of holocrine

A

oil glands

42
Q
  1. Cutaneous – skin
  2. Mucous – lines body cavities open to the exterior
  3. Serous membrane
A

Epithelial Membranes

43
Q

Inflammation of visceral/parietal membrane of the pleural cavity

A

Pleurisy

44
Q

Inflammation of visceral/parietal membrane of the peritoneal cavity

A

Peritonitis