Integumentary System Flashcards
Di-sufide bridges perform what function in hair?
To strengthen the keratin making it much harder.
What are functions of the Stratum Corneum ?
Barrier to light, heat, chemicals, water, and bacteria
Where can you find terminal hair?
on the head, axially and pubic area, and facial hair in men
What is the purpose of the shape of the papillae in the dermis?
To increase the surface area for better attachment of the epidermis to dermis
What kind of tissue composes the hypodermis?
Adipose tissue
Where you you find keratohyalin granules?
In the Stratum Granulosum
What cause red/ ruddy skin pigmentation
Hermolgobin for Capillaries close to the surface with little melanin hiding it
What is a Hematoma
a bruise, turns from black/ purple, to green (from biliverde), to yellow form (bilirubin)
What happens to the stratum spinosum during slide preparation?
It shrinks the cells causing them to look spiny and giving rise to the name of this cell layers
How many layers thick is the Spinum Corneum and what is its composition?
It is 25-30 layers think made of dead cells filled with keratin and surrounded by lipids
What causes skin color variation?
Differences in the production of pigments form the melanocytes, but not actually differences in the melanocytes
What are the cases and symptoms of Psoriasis?
Flaky silvery skin cause by abnormal keratin production. Keratin is produce too quickly.
Describe Cyanosis and it cause
Skin looks blue from lack or profusion and high CO2 levels
What are the layers of the dermis
The papillary layer and the reticular layer
Describe the structures of the hair from basal to apical surface
papillae, follicle, root, shaft
Describe the purpose of the lanugo and who has it.
Fine hair in Fetuses that holds the vernix on the fetus.
Describe Vellus.
Fine un-pigmented hair primarily in women and children
Describe the pathway for yellowish pigment in thickened skin like callouses
Carotene is a yellowish pigment that is fat soluble. It accumulates in the stratum granulosum and the makes its way to the stratum corneum.
What is the description for excessive hair growth and what are its main causes?
Hirsutism. Often Hormonal resulting in male hair growth in females, or genetic conditions such as Spanish Royal Family
What part of the the dermis is responsible for touch?
Meissner’s corpuscles
Name the order of the epidermal layers from top to bottom
Stratum corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale
How many layers is the Stratum Granulosum and what are the state of the cell?
3-5 flat during layers
What is a Langerhans’s Cell/ Dendridic cell?
a Type of macrophage. They are an antigen presenting cells.
What are the three main hair pigments and what color do they produce
- Melanin: brown/black, (also call Eumelanin)
- Pheomelanin: blond is a sulfur containing pigment
- Trichosiderin: Red nd iron containing pigment
