integumentary system a&p + diseases and disorders

Question 1

three layers of the skin

Answer 1

epidermis –> dermis –> subcutaneous

Question 2

functions of skin

Answer 2

sense of touch, protection, vit D synth, secreting oil for bacteria and lubrication, temp regulation via hair, protection of dorsal surfaces of fingers and toes

Question 3

what contributes to skin color

Answer 3

melanin and carotene as well as hemoglobin in the blood

Question 4

what are the stages of hair growth

Answer 4

anagen –> catagen –> telogen –> return to early anagen

Question 5

list the sebaceous gland conditions

Answer 5

acne vulgaris, seborrhea, seborrheic keratosis (benign skin growth)

Question 6

list the nail conditions

Answer 6

onychia, onychocryptosis, ocychomycosis

Question 7

onychia

Answer 7

inflamation of nail bed, typically falls off

Question 8

onychocryptosis

Answer 8

ingrown toenail

Question 9

onychomycosis

Answer 9

fungal infection of the nail

Question 10

mycosis

Answer 10

skin infection caused by fungus

Question 11

tinea

Answer 11

ringworm infection in skin hair or nails, (not an actual worm just fungus)

Question 12

impetigo

Answer 12

contagious bacterial infection causing crusted pustules, common in children

Question 13

gangrene

Answer 13

death of tissue caused by lack of circulation

Question 14

lesions

Answer 14

fluid filled sacs in the skin

Question 15

macule

Answer 15

discolored flat spot less than 1 cm in diameter (ex: freckles, flat moles)

Question 16

weal

Answer 16

smooth, slightly elevated swollen area

Question 17

nodule

Answer 17

solid, raised lesion larger than 0.5 cm in diameter, can cause scarring

Question 18

exudate

Answer 18

fluid that leaks out of an infected wound (ex: pus)

Question 19

acanthosis nigricans

Answer 19

areas of skin that develop dark and wartlike patches

Question 20

chloasma

Answer 20

brown spots occurring after pregnancy

Question 21

vitiligo

Answer 21

destruction of melanocytes

Question 22

folliculitis

Answer 22

inflammation of hair follicle, common cause is bacteria in poorly chlorinated hot tubs

Question 23

hirsutism

Answer 23

eexcess body or facial hair in women

Question 24

contusion

Answer 24

injury to skin without breaking skin surface, discoloration caused by accumulation of blood within skin

Question 25

ecchymosis

Answer 25

bruise

Question 26

hematoma

Answer 26

swelling of clotted blood in tissue usually caused by forceful injury

Question 27

petechiae

Answer 27

small hemorrhages less than 2mm

Question 28

purpura

Answer 28

purple discoloration