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Intensifying Screen Flashcards

0
Q

Converts higher energy electromagnetic radiation to a lower energy radiation

A

Intensifying screen

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1
Q

A device that converts xrays to visible light

A

Intensifying screen

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2
Q

Recommends calcium tungstate

A

Thomas edison

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3
Q

Producing radiograph using fluorescent screen - film combination

A

Michael Pupin

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4
Q

Introduced the double coated intesifying screen

A

Dr. Max Levy

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5
Q

Advocated to decrease the length of exposure

A

Mihran Krikor Kassabian

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6
Q

Produced screens from synthetic calcium tungstate

A

Carl V.S. Patterson

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7
Q

Protective coating applied over ____ which makes the IS cleanable

A

Phosphor

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8
Q

Rare earth phosphors that are more efficient

A

Gadolinium Oxysulfide

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9
Q

It is iodine based

A

Dye

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10
Q

Advantages of IS

A

Reduces dose required
Short exposure time
Less motion unsharpness

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11
Q

Disadvantages of IS

A

Screen unsharpness

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12
Q

Sponge will source IS, film and IS

A

Contact belt

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13
Q

First base

A

Cardboard

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14
Q

Support for all layers of IS

A

Base

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15
Q

Base is made up of

A

Polyester

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16
Q

Thickness for cassettes

A

250 microns

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17
Q

Thickness of screens for automatic film changers.

A

175 u

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18
Q

Intercepts light going away from the film and redirects it towards the film

A

Reflective layer

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19
Q

Reflective layer is made up of the coating

A

Titanium dioxide

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20
Q

Absorbed the light travelling away from the film

A

Absorptive layer

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21
Q

Another coating of reflective layer

A

Magnesium oxide

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22
Q

Absorptive layer is for

A

mammography

23
Q

Attaches the phosphor layer to the base

A

Substratum

24
Heart of IS | Dispersion of the phosphor crystals within a suitable binder
Phosphor layer
25
Emits light / converts xray to light
Phosphor layer
26
Phosphor layer is approximately
150 u
27
Binder material that is commonly used by the manufacturer is
Acetate acrylate
28
Absorbs the light
Binder
29
Chatacteristics of binder
Flexible Inert to phosphor crytals Provides even, known dispersion of the binder Allows the phosphor layer to be coated
30
It exhibits the property of fluorescence when exposed to xray
Phosphor crystals
31
Two kinds of phosphor crystals
Calcium tungstate | Rare Earth
32
Ability to emit light in response to some outside stimulation
Luminiscence
33
2 types of luminiscence
Phosphorescence | Fluorescence
34
Emit lights after stimulation
Phosphorescence
35
Emits light only during stimulation
Fluorescence
36
Top protective layer of the screen
Supercoat
37
Super coat is ____ thick
8 u
38
Supercoat is made up of
Cellulose acetobiturate
39
Ability of the IS to absorb xray , convert light and allow light to escape from the screen and exposed the film
Conversion efficiency
40
Formula of conversion efficiency
Efficiency = absorption x convertion x emission
41
Conversion for rare earth
1x10 ^ 3 light photons per incident 50 keV Xray photons
42
How efficiently xrays are converted
Screen speed
43
The ratio of xray exposure needed to produce the same density
Intensification factor
44
The relationship of screen speed and detail is
Reciprocal
45
Due to divergent emission of light from the IS
Screen unsharpness
46
Result of widening light beam emitted by crystals
Crossover effect
47
Not possible to evenly dispersed the phosphor crystals thoughout the binder
Structure mottle
48
Caused by low mAs factor (graininess) and high speed IS
Quantum mottle
49
Poor film screen contact that causes light emitted by tge IS to diffused before it reaches the film
Screen-film contact
50
Types of phosphor
Calcium Tungstate | Rare earths
51
Naturally occuring phosphor , produces a continuous spectrum principally tge blue part of spectrum
Calcium tungstate
52
Soft , malleable metals that can be made to emit light upon stimulation by xrays
Rare earth
53
Lanthanum oxybromide emits
Blue
54
Gadolinium oxysulfide emits
Green
55
Barium fluorochloride emits
Ultraviolet

Rad Technique (13 decks)

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