Internal and internal migration

Question 1

The changing population distribution and density

Answer 1

In 1950, about two-thirds of the world’s population lived in developing countries. By 2030 this figure is expected to have increased to 85 per cent.

Although Asia is by far the most populous continent, Africa is now the fastest growing region in the world and its share of global population is expected to rise to 20 per cent by 2050.

Question 2

Why is global migration increasing?

Answer 2

Global migration is increasing as a result of increasing connectivity, continued regional inequalities and demographic imbalances.

Question 3

What are the reasons for forced migration?

Answer 3

natural hazards and disasters, dam construction, conflict, persecution (religious or cultural), and food and water insecurity.

Question 4

What are the reasons for voluntary migration?

Answer 4

economic, education, social, environmental, or related to governance.

Question 5

What is higher: Internal migration or international migration?

Answer 5

internal migration

Question 6

Impacts of migration: Age

Answer 6

It is age selective, which means that, all things being equal, the more youthful elements of a population are more likely to migrate than the aged. The average age of immigrants into the EU is 27 years (see figure 4.43). Consequently, migrants can help to reduce the age dependency ratio in countries that have an ageing population. They can, as witnessed in parts of Europe, even reverse population decline when the fertility rate falls below the replacement level.

Question 7

Impacts of migration: Economic

Answer 7

migrants are consumers and will increase the total spending on goods and services within an economy. This in turn should lead to an increase in real GDP.
Migrants also will reduce unemployment rates and are more likely to send money back to family they left behind

Question 8

Where do international migrants usually go?

Answer 8

International migrants mostly flock to the large towns and cities of the host country. This is because work is more likely to be found in these urban centres and there are probably communities of migrants already established in particular neighbourhoods.