internal energy Flashcards
(21 cards)
name the change of state from solid to liquid
melting
name the change of state from liquid to gas
evaporation
name the change of state from gas to liquid
condensation
name the change of state from liquid to solid
freezing
name the change of state from gas to solid
deposition
name the change of state from solid to gas
sublimation
SI unit of energy?
J (joules)
as what state do particles have the greatest store of kinetic energy?
gas
how many joules are in 1 kilojoule?
1000
1 joule is equal to how many kilojoules?
0.001
state the definition of internal energy
the total amount of kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles in a system
if particles are further apart, their potential energy store is. . .
larger
the hotter a material is, the. . . its particles move and therefore the. . . the store of kinetic energy
faster, larger
what is the temperature of a substance related to?
the average kinetic energy of each particle
what are particles always doing? (as a solid, liquid or gas)
moving or vibrating
what happens to a substance’s internal energy if you heat it?
it increases
name the ways internal energy can change if you heat the substance
- kinetic energy store increases, state stays the same, temperature increases
- potential energy store increases, temperature stays the same, changes in state
which type of energy store increases as you change state?
potential energy store
which type of energy store increases as temperature increases?
kinetic energy store
why does the temperature stay the same during melting?
energy is used to overcome forces of attraction between particles
what happens to the internal energy of particles when a substance changes state?
kinetic energy stays constant and potential energy increases
