International Migration

Question 1

Voluntary Migration

Answer 1

This is when migrants choose to move to another country for a year or more

Question 2

Why is voluntary migration increasing

Answer 2

Better technology, transport, communication in HICs
You can call family so people are happier to move away from family
Easier to move amongst countries with invention of visas + passports

Question 3

Forced Migration

Answer 3

When migrants have no option but to leave a country and it lasts for more than a year

Question 4

Asylum Seekers + Refugees stats

Answer 4

86% of refugees are hosted by developing countries
51% of refugees are children
Britain is home to only 0.6% of refugees
53% of refugees are from Syria, Afghanistan and Somalia alone
20% of displaced people are from Syria

Question 5

Impact of international migration on countries of origin - positive

Answer 5

Remittances
Eases unemployment and underemployment
Reduces pressure on health and education services and housing
Return migrants bring new skills, ideas and money

Question 6

Impact of international migration on countries of origin - negative

Answer 6

Loss of young adult workers who may have vital skills - brain drain
Ageing population
Agricultural output may suffer if labour force falls too much
Migrants returning may question traditional values, causing divisions

Question 7

Impact of international migration on countries of destination - positive

Answer 7

Increase in pool of available labour may reduce cost of labour, reducing inflation
Migrants bring important skills to destination
Increasing cultural diversity enriches culture
Influx of young migrants reduces ageing population

Question 8

Impact of international migration on countries of destination - negative

Answer 8

Migrants perceived to be taking jobs from people in established population
Increased pressure on housing, healthcare and education
Changes in ethnic balance may cause political tension
Negative impact on environment due to higher population

Question 9

Impact of international migration on migrants themselves - positive

Answer 9

Wages are higher
Wider choice of job opportunity
Greater opportunity to develop new skills
Ability to support family with remittances
Opportunity to learn a new language

Question 10

Impact of international migration on migrants themselves - negative

Answer 10

Cost of migration is high
Separation from family and friends
Problems with assimilation
Migrants can be exploited by unscrupulous employers
Hazardous journeys