Intestine 4 (test 1) Flashcards
(33 cards)
Enjoy this lovely chart for MORPHS!
T or F
Sometimes the morphologic diagnosis is the disease diagnosis.
TRUE
What are some examples of morphs dx. that are the disease dx?
Lymphangiectasisa (dilation of lymphatic vessels)
Neoplasms: Intestinal adenocarcinoma
Diffuse Alimentary lymphoma
What diarrhea causing pathogen is this?
Coccidiosis
What diarrhea causing pathogen does this look like?
Cryptosporidiosis
What diarrhea causing pathogen does this sound like?
Giardiasis
What diarrhea causing pathogen is this?
Johne’s Disease
Mycobacterium Avium subsp. Paratuberculosis
What disease does this look like?
IBD: inflammatory bowel disease
What disease would you guess this is based off this profile?
Diffuse Alimentary Lymphoma
What disease does this profile sound like?
Lymphangiectasia
What disease does this look like?
Note: no microscopic changes
SIBO-SMALL INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH
Tenesmus is usually apart of what kind of Diarrhea?
Large bowel diarrhea
Where is the diarrhea coming from based on these signs?
SMALL INTESTINE
Where is the diarrhea coming from?
Large Intestine
Can the large intestine compensate for small intestine lesions when it comes to diarrhea?
YES
What species has a great capacity to compensate for small intestinal lesions by increasing the fluid absorption in the Large intestine?
HORSES
How do you overwhelm the large intestine’s ability to compensate for fluid loss?
- An overwhelming increase in the quantity of digesta: volume must be large enough to exceed the reserve capacity of the large intestine to absorb fluid, electrolytes (RARE)
- A qualitative change in digesta: can alter functional abilities of the LI. (Dietary change–> change in intestinal flora–>increased lactate production–>decreased colonic pH–>decreased absorptive capability
3. Disease that causes a decreased absorptive capacity: infiltrative disease (IBD, Johne’s, lymphoma)
- Reduced fecal transit time: stimulation of peristalsis by mechanical irritation or other factors=change in motility mechanism of diarrhea
If you have proximal obstruction, what signs or consequences would you see?
Reflux of fluid into the stomach–>VOMITING, less distention
NO vomiting in horses, Dehydration
If you have a distal obstruction, what signs or consequences would you see?
Large quantities of fluid are sequestered; electrolyte loss, Dehydration is usually less severe
What is a PROMINENT sign of obstruction in the GI?
Abdominal pain (colic)
-stimulation of receptors in the mesentery, peritoneum and intestinal wall
What can persistent/severe distension lead too?
–>mucosal damage and decreased bloodflow–>ISCHEMIA, loss of mucosal barrier
What is a simple obstruction of the GI?
Occlusion at a single point–>interference with passage of ingesta
- distension: proximal to the obstruction, ingested fluid, digestive secretions, intestinal gas
- Loss of fluid and elctrolytes: vomiting and/or sequestration
- Bacterial overgrowth within the distended segment
What could cause a simple obstruction? give specific examples of it.
Foreign Body: enteroloth, trichobezoar, ingesta, parasites
Neoplasia: Adenocarcinoma, intestinal lymphoma-especially focal, leiomyoma
Stricture/stenosis
Congenital: atresia coli/ani (occlusion/stenosis or segmental absence) (atresia=absence of a segment or abnormally narrow segment)
Acquired-a result of healing following injury
-salmonellosis in pigs–>rectal stricture
Where are common sites for simple obstruction?
Ileocecal junction, pylorus
Horse: transverse colon, base of cecum, pelvic flexure
