Intro

Question 1

Describe the macroscopic org of the nervous system

Answer 1

Question 2

Multipolar neuron

Answer 2

Motor

Question 3

Bipolar neuron

Answer 3

Special sensory

Question 4

Unipolar neuron

Answer 4

Somatosensory (proprioception)
can send info antro and retrograde

Question 5

Afferent neuron

Answer 5

arrive at CNS
sensory (5 senses but replace touch w equilibrium)

Question 6

Efferent neuron

Answer 6

exit CNS
motor

Question 7

Efferent neuron- somatomotor vs autonomic motor

Answer 7

somatomotor- voluntary contractions
Autonomic motor- involuntary contractions (smooth muscle- CNS, PNS)

Question 8

Interneurons aka assosiation neurons

Answer 8

can excite or inhibit connection of other neuorns

Question 9

Dendrites, Soma, Axon Hillock, Axon (myelin sheeth, nodes of ranvier), terminal branches (synapse)

Answer 9

Question 10

Astrocytes

Answer 10

cns
form BBB
impact neurotransmitter activity
insulation
tissue repair, support (physical, regulatory, etc.)

Question 11

microglia

Answer 11

CNS
immune
phagocytise while we sleep

Question 12

Ependymal cells

Answer 12

CNS
line walls

produce CSF (CSF is produced in the choroid plexxus) so these cells form the choroid plexxus

Question 13

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 13

CNS
myelin sheeth in CNS
1 cell can mylenate multiple axons

Question 14

Satelitte cells

Answer 14

PNS
astrocytes of PNS
support soma in ganglia

Question 15

Schwann Cells

Answer 15

PNS

produce myelin sheeth makes salittory conductions- leaping

multiple are req to mylenate 1 axon

Question 16

Trigger zone

Answer 16

axon hillock
initial segment

Question 17

Trigger zone: spatial summation

Answer 17

space- multiple synapses fire at diff locations same time- like many ppl pushing a door together at once

Question 18

Trigger zone: termporal summation

Answer 18

one synapse fires repeatedly over time

Question 19

is there cortical involvement in reflexes

Answer 19

no.
cortical involvement- acts on its own, no brain needed
so there is no brain involvment in reflexes

Question 20

somatic reflexes example

Answer 20

skeletal muscles (flexor withdraw, myotactic)

Question 21

autonomic reflexes example

Answer 21

smooth/ cardiac/ glands muscle (salivary reflex, pupillary reflex)

Question 22

myotactic reflex

Answer 22

• splits bc agonist contracts and antag relax
• 1 interneuron
• patellar tendon reflex

Question 23

Flexor withdraw reflex

Answer 23

stepping on the lego

flexor reflex
painful stimulus-> sensory receptor-> sensory neuron-> interneuronSSSS-> excitation of flexors/ inhibition of extensors

crossed exstention (balence for leg not standing on lego)
same^ but neurons cross midline

Question 24

axoaxonic

Answer 24

axon terminal to another axon terminal (terminal branch)

Question 25

Electrical synapse

Answer 25

bi-directional fast not magnified (what goes in comes out)

Question 26

Chemical synapse

Answer 26

slow bc more steps more abundant in nervous system

Question 27

EPSP

Answer 27

positive depolarization more likelihood of post synaptic potential (bc its depolarizing)

Question 28

IPSP

Answer 28

negitive hyperpolarization

Question 29

continuous conduction- ____ salutary conduction-______

Answer 29

unmylenated mylenated, fiber diameter, "leaping"

Question 30

glutamate

Answer 30

EPSP iontrophic & metabotrophic modullary

Question 31

neurotransmitters that are IPSP

Answer 31

A.G.G.D.S "Apes grab grapes during snacktime" Ach, GABA, Glycine, Dopamine, Seratonin

Question 32

neurotransmitters that are EPSP

Answer 32

Glu (learn), HED, NE youd think HED learn what GLU does (and NE bc E) Glutamate, Histomene, E, NE, Dopamine

Question 33

Inotrophic ONLY neurotransmitters

Answer 33

Inotrophic- fast, direct, ligand gated Glu (learn)

Question 34

Metabotrophic ONLY neurotransmitters

Answer 34

Metabotrophic- Slow indirect, G protien Dopamine, E, NE, Histamine to remember: autonomic, parkinsons, and allaergy

Question 35

modulatory neurotransmitters

Answer 35

modulator- adjusts/ fine tunes neuron Histomene ACh glutamate (learn) Seratonin Dopamine (Humans Always Get Smexy Dicko)

Question 36

Glutamate

Answer 36

learn, synaptic plasticity, every major excititory function

Question 37

Ach

Answer 37

PNS, muscle contraction

Question 38

GABA

Answer 38

MOST ABUNDANT INHIBITOR

Question 39

Glycine

Answer 39

inhibit interneuron, prevent muscle breakdown, promote digestion

Question 40

Dopamine

Answer 40

think parkinsons

Question 41

E, NE

Answer 41

Fight or flight, homrone too

Question 42

Seratonin

Answer 42

Sleep GI mood

Question 43

Histomene

Answer 43

Inflammatory, smooth muscle, vasodilator