Intro

Question 1

What kind of tissue is blood?

Answer 1

Liquid connective tissue

Question 2

3 general fx of blood?

Answer 2

Transport - gases, nutrients, hormones, waste
Regulate - pH, temp, osmotic pressure
Protect - clotting, wbc, proteins

Question 3

Physical attributes of blood?

Answer 3

Temp - 100.4
pH - 7.35-7.45
Color - bright (o2) dark (unsat)
Volume - 5L

Question 4

Blood components

Answer 4

Plasma 55%

Formed elements 45%

Question 5

Blood plasma composition

Answer 5

Pale yellow
Watery
Ions
Proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen)

Question 6

Formed elements components

Answer 6

Cells and their fragments
Rbc
Wbc
Plt

Question 7

Tests of the RBCs?

Answer 7

Rbc count
H/h
Rbc indices

Question 8

Tests of the WBCs?

Answer 8

Wbc count
Wbc diff
PLT

Question 9

Methods to exam blood

Answer 9

Smear

CBC

Question 10

SCA dx lab test?

Answer 10

Smear

Question 11

Short hand CBC

Answer 11

Wbc hbg/hct plt

Question 12

Hematopoiesis def

Answer 12

Production, development, differentiation, maturation of all cells

Question 13

Hematopoiesis That occurs in bone marrow is called?

Answer 13

Medullary hematopoiesis

Question 14

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis occurs where?

Answer 14

3% - Outside bone marrow in liver, spleen, thymus, MALT, etc

Question 15

Stem cells are

Answer 15

Cells that have the ability to develop into any tissue of the human body

Question 16

Stem cells distinct properties

Answer 16

Self-renewal
Multiple lineages
Proliferation potential

Question 17

Hematopoietic growth factors purpose

Answer 17

Regulate the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells

Question 18

Hematopoietic Growth factor types

Answer 18

Erythropoietin - stim RBC
Thrombopoietin - stim PLT
Colony-stimulatiung factors and interleukins stim WBC

Question 19

Where is erythropoietin synthesized

Answer 19

Kidney

Question 20

Where is thrombopoietin synthesized?

Answer 20

Liver

Question 21

Blood stem cells are divded into what lineages?

Answer 21

Myeloid

Lymphoid

Question 22

Hematologic stems cells provide?

Answer 22

Continuous renewable lifetime supply of req blood cells

Question 23

What stimulates the release of EPO from kidneys?

Answer 23

Hypoxia

Question 24

RBC life span

Answer 24

120d before removal by reticuloendothelial system (spleen)

Question 25

Anemia means?

Answer 25

Low RBC H/H

Question 26

Retic count may elevated in response to?

Answer 26

Anemia | BM trying to Maintain tissue perfusion

Question 27

Each RBC contains how many hgb?

Answer 27

280mil

Question 28

Hgb NL chain composition

Answer 28

2 alpha | 2 beta

Question 29

Each hgb chain contains what? Purpose?

Answer 29

Ferrous iron in a heme ring binding reversibly to O2

Question 30

What is the best indicator of O2 carrying capacity

Answer 30

Hgb

Question 31

Hct is

Answer 31

% total blood volume occupied by RBCs

Question 32

MCV is?

Answer 32

Avg size of RBCs Microcytic <80 Normocytic 80-100 Macrocytitc >100

Question 33

RDW is?

Answer 33

Est size range of RBCs | Higher number the greater the size difference

Question 34

Reticuloendothelial sys is? Components?

Answer 34

Dumpster sys for removing aged/damaged RBCs 90% extravascular - spleen 10% intravascular

Question 35

RBC components outcome w/in extravascular RES sys (spleen)

Answer 35

Heme > bili > iron Iron recycled to BM via transferrin Bili returned to liver via ALB for conjugation and secretion in gut as bile to aid fat digestion

Question 36

RBC components outcome w/in intravascular RES sys

Answer 36

RBCs are released w/in circulatory sys | Free hgb is bound by haptoglobin and returned to liver

Question 37

Granular WBCs

Answer 37

Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils

Question 38

AGranular WBCs

Answer 38

Lymphocytes | Monocytes

Question 39

MC WBC?

Answer 39

Neutrophil - bulk of purulence when fighting infection

Question 40

Eosinophils purpose

Answer 40

Allergic rxn and parasituc infections

Question 41

Basophils purpose

Answer 41

Intensify inflam response by releasing - heparin - Histamine - Serotonin

Question 42

Largest WBC

Answer 42

Monocytes

Question 43

B-cell lymph purpose

Answer 43

Destroy bacteria via humoral sys by producing antibodies

Question 44

T-cell lymph purpose

Answer 44

Destroy viruses, fungi, transplant cells, cancer cells by releasing cytokines

Question 45

Natural killer lymph purpose

Answer 45

Destroys infections and malignant cells (anything)

Question 46

Leukocytosis main causes? >11.3

Answer 46

``` Infection Inflam Stress (pt, surgery, fx) Medical SE’s (CCS) BM D/O (leukemia) ```

Question 47

PLTs purpose

Answer 47

Helps stop blood loss by forming plt plug by releasing granules w/ clot promoting chemicals.

Question 48

Plt life span?

Answer 48

5-9d

Question 49

Are PLTs considered an acute phase reactant?

Answer 49

Yes