INTRO-Emotions Flashcards
Def. EMOTIONS
complex sequence of events having elements of cognitive appraisal, feeling, impulses to action, observable behavior–designed to deal w/a stimulus that triggered the chain of events.
8 Primary Emotions
Anger, Anticipation, Disgust, Fear, Joy, Sadness, Surprise, Trust
Plutchik’s Theory
- Emotions have an evolutionary history
- evolved various forms of expression
- served as an adaptive role to help organisms deal with survival issues from the environment
- there are “mixed/derivative emotions” of the primary emotions.
- primary emotions are “hypothetical constructs”–explanatory variable that is not directly observable ex: INTELLIGENCE
- conceptualized in terms of POLAR OPPOSITES
- Vary in degree of intensity
- exist in different degrees of intensity
2 Languages of Emotions
- Behavioral
- Functional
Behavioral Language
involves actions that may be used to judge the presence of specific emotions.
Functional Language
-used in terms of describing emotions by their ABILITY to help manage the environment to assure survival.
Sadness is associated with what 3 things:
- physiological changes in the body (losing appetite)
- attitudes towards self (feeling insignificant)
- impulses to action (crying)
The choice of word to describe an emotion depend on what 4 factors:
- knowing what the stimulus is
- knowing the response
- knowing the effect of the behavior on others
- knowing past behaviors in similar situations
What does the Functional Approach examine?
The Functional Language of emotions examines how the roots and functions of emotions evolved.
Darwin’s Theory of Emotions
-appropriate reactions to emergencies & increases the organism’s chances of survival.
8 FUNCTIONAL Prototypical Behavioral Patterns to Adaptation
- Protection- running away; puts distance from danger.
- Destruction- eliminating a barrier to obtain satisfaction of an important need.
- Incorporation- accepting a beneficial stimulus (nurturing effect).
- Rejection- expel something harmful; contempt, sarcasm, & hostility.
- Reproduction- perpetuating one’s gene pool.
- Reintegration- behavior associated w/losing someone from the past to encourage the return of the loss or a substitute.
- Orientation- behavioral reactions to a new, unfamiliar stimulus.
- Exploration- getting to know an environment.
Chain Reaction of Emotions
Stimulus Event–Cognition–Feeling–Behavior–Function
Stimulus Event:
Threat Obstacle Potential Mate Loss of valued person Group Member Gruesome object New territory Sudden novel object
Inferred Cognition:
Danger Enemy Possess Isolation Friend Poison What's out there? What is it?
Feeling:
Fear, terror Anger, rage Joy, ecstasy Sadness, grief Acceptance, trust Disgust, Loathing Anticipation Surpise
Behavior:
Running, or flying away Biting, hitting Courting, mating Crying for help Grooming, sharing Vomiting, pushing away Examining, mapping Stopping, alerting
Effect:
Protection Destruction Reproduction Reintegration Affiliation Rejection Exploration Orientation
Primary Emotions
- Love
- Submission
- Awe
- Disappointment
- Remorse
- Contempt
- Aggressiveness
- Optimism
Mixed Emotions
- Joy, Acceptance
- Acceptance, Fear
- Fear, Surprise
- Surprise, Sadness
- Sadness, Disgust
- Disgust, Anger
- Anger, Anticipation
- Anticipation, Joy
