Intro Test Flashcards

(47 cards)

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts in relation to one another

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of how the body and its parts works or function

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3
Q

Superior

A

Towards the head

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4
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head

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5
Q

Anterior

A

Towards the FRONT of the body

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6
Q

Posterior

A

Toward the backside

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7
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

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9
Q

Intermediate

A

Between a medial and lateral structure

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10
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the origin of the body or limb attachment point

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11
Q

Distal

A

Father from the origin of the body or limb attachment part

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12
Q

Superficial

A

Towards the body surface

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13
Q

Deep

A

Away from the body surface

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14
Q

Sagittal

A

Split into left and right sides

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15
Q

Frontal

A

Sliced like a bun

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16
Q

Transverse

A

Horizontally cut at the waist

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17
Q

Dorsal body cavities

A

Cranial and spinal cavity

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18
Q

Ventral body cavities

A

Thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic

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19
Q

What splits the thoracic and abdominal cavity?

20
Q

Homeostatsis

A

The body’s ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world is constantly changing

21
Q

Negative feedback

A

the net effect of the response to the stimulus is to shut off the original stimulus or reduce its integrity

22
Q

Positive feedback

A

increases the original disturbance and pushes the variable farther from its original value

23
Q

Nervous system

A

Allows the body to respond to stimuli coming from both outside and inside the body

24
Q

Endocrine system

A

controls long term signaling through the use of hormones

25
Cardiovascular system
carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other substances to and from tissue cells where exchanges are made
26
Respiratory system
keeps the body constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
27
Digestive system
breaks down food and delivers the products to the blood for dispersal to the body cells
28
Excretory system
removes nitrogen-containing wastes from the body
29
Reproductive system
primary role is to produce offspring
30
Integumentary
the skin waterproofs the body, regulates temp, protects, excretes salts and urea
31
Lymphatic
involved in immunity returns leaked fluid from the blood to the blood vessels
32
What is the importance of maintaining boundaries?
The inside has to be separated from the outside.
33
Metabolism
the sum of total chemical reactions that occur in the body
34
Anabolism
the energy-requiring building phase of metabolism in which simple substances are combined to form complex substances
35
Catabolism
the process that breaks things down into simpler substances
36
Adrenal gland
controls the rate of metabolism
37
Adrenaline
the chief hormone of the adrenal medulla fight or flight
38
Thryoid
main hormone produced by the thyroid gland increases metabolism
39
BMR
basal metabolic rate estimates how many calories you would burn per day if you did nothing
40
Graves disease
An immune disorder that occurs in the thyroid thyroid overproduces hormones anxiety, goiter, enlarged thyroid, weight loss
41
Exopthalmus
bulging of the eyes
42
Goiter
a benign enlargement of the thyroid gland
43
Cretinism
a severe thyroid deficiency in youth that leads to stunted physical and mental growth
44
Responsiveness
the ability to sense changes in the environment and then react to them
45
Absorption
essential part of digestion that allows food to truly enter the body
46
Sign
the appearance of a symptom can be measured ex: vomitting
47
Symptom
perceived by the patient ex: nausea