Intro to BB2

Question 1

NS Functions

Answer 1

Gather sensory info from external environment
Integrate information for assessment + meaning
Produce motor, behavioural and cognitive responses
Regulate body homeostasis

Question 2

CNS divisions

Answer 2

Brain

Spinal cord

Question 3

PNS Divisions

Answer 3

Autonomic

Somatic

Question 4

Autonomic NS division

Answer 4

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric

Question 5

Subdivisions of CNS

Answer 5

Spinal cord
Medulla oblongata
Pons
Cerebellum
Midbrain
Diencephalon
Cerebral hemispheres

Question 6

Forebrain develops into

Answer 6

Cerebrum (cerebral hemispheres- cerebral cortex, white matter, basal ganglia)
Diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior pituitary, pineal gland)

Question 7

Midbrain develops into

Answer 7

Midbrain (part of brainstem)

Question 8

Hindbrain develops into

Answer 8

Pons (part of brainstem), cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata (part of brainstem)

Question 9

Midbrain function

Answer 9

Visual and auditory reflexes

Orienting reflexes

Question 10

Pons function

Answer 10

Relay of info from cochlea and vestibular apparatus
Control of movement and sensation from the face
Control of mastication

Question 11

Medulla function

Answer 11

Integration of breathing + swallowing
Control of respiration
Control of BP
Control of cortical arousal

Question 12

Olfactory Nerve

Answer 12

Nucleus- Anterior olfactory
Nucleus location- Olfactory tract
Function- Smell
Sign of damage- Anosmia

Question 13

Optic Nerve

Answer 13

Nucleus name- Lateral geniculate
Nucleus location- Thalamus
Function- Vision
Sign of damage- Blindness

Question 14

Oculomotor nerve- oculomotor nucleus

Answer 14

Nucleus location- Midbrain
Function- eye movement (elevation, adduction)
Sign of damage- Eye deviates down and out

Question 15

Oculomotor nerve- Edinger-Westphal nucleus

Answer 15

Nucleus location- Midbrain
Function- Pupil dilation
Sign of damage- Loss of pupillary/accommodation reflex

Question 16

Trochlear Nerve

Answer 16

Nucleus name- Trochlear
Nucleus location- Midbrain
Function- Diplopia, lateral deviation of eye

Question 17

Trigeminal Nerve- Principal nucleus

Answer 17

Location- Pons
Function- Facial sensation
Sign of damage- facial anaesthesia

Question 18

Trigeminal nerve- Spinal nucleus

Answer 18

Location- medulla
Function- Mastication
Sign of damage- Loss of facial pain sensation

Question 19

Trigeminal nerve- Mesenphalic nucleus

Answer 19

Location- Pons/midbrain

Question 20

Trigeminal nerve- Motor nucleus

Answer 20

Location - pons

damage- weakness/loss of mastication

Question 21

Frontal lobe function

Answer 21

Movement

Question 22

Parietal lobe function

Answer 22

Somatosensory

Question 23

Occipital lobe function

Answer 23

Vision

Question 24

Temporal lobe function

Answer 24

Hearing and memory

Question 25

Primary motor cortex

Answer 25

Voluntary movement

Question 26

Primary sensory cortex

Answer 26

Somatic sensations

Question 27

Primary auditory cortex

Answer 27

hearing

Question 28

Primary visual cortex

Answer 28

Vision

Question 29

Broca's area

Answer 29

Language expression

Question 30

Wernicke's area

Answer 30

Language comprehension

Question 31

Posterior cerebral artery

Answer 31

Posterior part of brain, both middle and outer

Question 32

Anterior cerebral artery

Answer 32

All of middle of brain, from anterior to posterior until PCA region

Question 33

Middle cerebral artery

Answer 33

Outside of brain

Question 34

DCML

Answer 34

Discriminative touch Cuneate + Gracile nucleus Crossover in medulla

Question 35

Corticospinal tract

Answer 35

Motor Descending Crossover- spinomedullary junction

Question 36

Spinocerebellar tract

Answer 36

Proprioception | No crossover

Question 37

Spinothalamic tract

Answer 37

Pain + temp | Crossover in spinal cord

Question 38

ACh

Answer 38

Used by spinal cord neurones to control muscles Used by Brain to regulate memory Mainly Excitatory

Question 39

Dopamine

Answer 39

Linked to feelings of pleasure, when released by brain reward system Multiple functions depending on where in brain it acts

Question 40

GABA

Answer 40

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter in brain

Question 41

Glutamate

Answer 41

Major excitatory neurotransmitter in brain

Question 42

Glycine

Answer 42

Mainly by neurones in spinal cord | Inhibitory + excitatory

Question 43

Noradrenaline

Answer 43

PNS- fight or flight | CNS- various processes e.g. mood

Question 44

Serotonin

Answer 44

Mood, appetite + sensory perception | In spinal cord, involved in pain pathways