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MedNeuro Block 1 > Intro To CNS > Flashcards

Intro To CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Cinfguate gyrus under falx cerebri in long fissure btwn cerebral hemispheres w/ free infereior edge

  • the cingultae is part of the limbic system and will herniate under/into the falx
  • often on symptoms
A

Subfalcine

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2
Q

Center portion Brainstem pushed inf towards foramen magnum

- puts pressure on CN exiting the brainstem, often Abducent

A

Central

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3
Q

runs in horizontal plane; from occiplital from cerebellum

-The uncus (medial lobe) herniates underneath or through the tentorial notch

A

Transtentorial

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4
Q

Cerebellar tonsils through FM

-if theres increased pressure in cranial cavity, will put pressure on brainstem: can shut down basic bodily fnxs

A

Tonsillar

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5
Q

When does arachnoid dip into the sulci/fissure

A

Falx cerebri

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6
Q

Arachnoid is vascular/avasular

and contains what system?

A

Avascular w/ vascular system–CSF in subarachnoid space

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7
Q

Where is CSF located?

A

subarachoid space

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8
Q

Returns CSF to venous circulation

A

arachnoid villi

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9
Q

Where do the arachnoid villi project into?

A

dural venous sinuses, to return CSF

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10
Q

Forms a perivascular sheath

A

Pia mater

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11
Q

Seperates subarachnoid spave from perivascular space

A

pia mater

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12
Q

What are ventricle systems?

A

fluid filled spaces, lumen that was lumen of neural tube will curve and flex as it devos

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13
Q

Body/temporal/occipital meet = ?

A

Antrum

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14
Q

lf and rt laterals drain to_____here via

A

3rd/ Inverventricular foramen of Monroe

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15
Q

Passageway between 3/4 ventricles

A

Cerebral aqueduct

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16
Q

has a roof of superior medullary velum and floor is the inferior medullary velum

A

4th ventricle

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17
Q

lies anterior to occipital lobe and post to brainstem

A

4th Ventricle

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18
Q

Where can CSF exit the ventricles to get into the subarachnoid space?

A

4th ventricle: Foramen on Magendie or Median aperature

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19
Q

How does CSF get to the superior sagital sinus?

A

-Travels 2 Sup Sag Sinus via Lateral aspects of brain→drains into sup sag sinus via granulations

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20
Q

How and where does CSF travel in the spinal cord?

A

In the spinal canal. Pulsations help move it along as well as cilia lining it’s epithelium

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21
Q

Thin layer of cells that seperates lateral ventricles

A

Septum Pellucidum

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22
Q

Nerve fibers connecting central cerebral hemis

A

Corpus collusum

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23
Q

Secreates CSF

A

choroid plexus in the ventricles

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24
Q

Frontal lobe functions

A

a. Higher Cognitive fnx; judgement calls, behavior, personality
b. controls VOLUNTARY movm; primary motor cortex is here
c. MOTOR area for SPEECH :: CC; dsyphagia would be in Brocas area

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25
Frontal Lobe Boundaries
ant to central sulcus and superior to lateral fissure
26
Primary Motor complex~~ steps originate here (in coronal plane)
Precentral Gyrus (Frontal lobe division)
27
Functions of Superior and Middle Frontal Gyri
premotor/supplementary motor= make decisions to move
28
Three divisions of Inferior frontal Gyrus
Opercular + Triangular + Orbital
29
Function of Opercular division of Inferior Frontal Gyrus
(lid over deep cortex in sylvian fissu)—Left hemisphere = Broca’s area)
30
Function of Triangular division of Inferior Frontal Gyrus
(apex towards sylvian fissure and base along inferior frontal sulcus—Left hemisphere = Broca’s area)
31
What does the Gyri Rectus contain?
olfactory sulcus containing bulb is here
32
What lobule is Posterior to the Central Sulcus?
Parietal Lobule
33
Function of the Parietal Lobule
INTEGRATES sensory information (snowball analogy) spatial sense, coordinate body positions,
34
If you can't recognize own body as part of self, what area has mostly likely been damaged?
Parietal Lobule
35
What is our Primary Sensory Cortex?
Postcentral Gyrus of Parietal lobe
36
What Broadman's areas are included in Postcentral gyrus
1,2, 3
37
What runs perpendicular to postcentral sulucus and sep inf/sup parietal lobule?
Intraparietal sulcus in parietal lobe
38
Two subdivisions of the Inferior Parietal lobe
Supramarginal gyrus | Angular gyrus
39
Function of Supramarginal gyrus of Parietal lobe
language, sensory aspect like comprehnesion
40
Function of Angular gyrus of Parietal lobe?
near the superior edge of the temporal lobe, and immediately posterior to the supramarginal gyrus; language, number processing and spatial cognition, memory retrieval, attention, and theory of mind
41
Function of Temporal lobe
1. Comprehension of language (especially in superior temporal gyrus along slyvian/lateral fissure) 2. Primary auditory cortex is here = interpretation of sounds
42
Where is primary auditory cortex located?
Superior Temporal Gyri
43
What are the functions of the superior temporal gyri... what is located there?
Primary auditory cortex + Wernickes Area
44
Function and location of Wernickes
Superior temporal gyri: comprehension of language | CC: word salad
45
How many gyri in temporal region
Superior/Inferior/Middle
46
Fusiform gyrus is part of which lobes?
Occipital and temporal
47
Location of limbic lobe
medial aspect of cerebral hemi
48
Function of limbic lobe
Emotions, drives, memory: feeling, feeding, fighting, flight, fuck
49
This is part of primary olfactory cortex | CC:in epilepsy you get bad smell b4 episode called uncilate fits that originates here
Uncus--Limbic lobe
50
Who's function is: emotions/memory/drive to do things
Hippocampus--limbic lobe
51
Amygdala is gray or white matter?-- limbic lobe
GRAY; cluster of nuclie
52
Function of amygdala (limibic lobe)
memory and emotional reactions
53
Function of Insula (limbic lobe)
olfaction and descriminative touch | --see if you split lateral fissure and look deep
54
Where can you see Basal Ganglia
(nuclie, neuron cell bodies deep w/in white matter)
55
Fucntion of Basal Ganglia?
Precise control of voluntary mvmt
56
What makes up the lateral wall of the lateral ventcle?
Caudate nucleus
57
What basal ganglia are key for motor activity?
Lenticular Nuclie
58
Putman in lenticulate nuclei is located:
laterally
59
Globus Pallidus in Lenticulate nuclei located:
medially
60
What's buried deep within the lateral fissure?
Insula
61
‘secretary’ ANY sensation except smell goes through here before gets to cortex
Thalamus
62
makes up lateral wall of 3rd ventricle (more posteriorly) w/ connection btwn them
Thalamus
63
Hypothalamus function:
endocrine system key here and plays role in ANS
64
What does the hypothalamus connect to?
Pituitary
65
What forms more anterior part of 3rd ventrcle?
Hypothalamus
66
What is sensitive to light, has melatonin for sleep/wake cycle
Pituitary
67
These guys are projections anterior to midbrain | -part of limbic system, so memory disturbances happen here if damaged
Mammilary bodies
68
Function of Cerebellum
Processes Sensory information to regulate movement; fine tuning mvmt to make it smooth
69
These guys are located inferiorly by foramen magnum and can herniate inferiorly if high pressure
Cerebellar Tonsils
70
SP Cd: gray/white matter on inside, grey/white matter on outside
gray matter on inside, white matter on outside
71
Function of Brainstem
1. Homeostasis | 2. Sensory motor and ANS and innervation of head and neck region and special senses
72
What divides the brainstem
cerebral aqueduct
73
What makes up the Tectum?
Inferior and superior colliculi
74
Another word for Tegmentum
cerebral peduncles

MedNeuro Block 1 (6 decks)

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