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Science 8th Grade > Intro to Electricity & Magnetism > Flashcards

Intro to Electricity & Magnetism Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Static Electricity is the _____ on the surface of an object.

A

Build up of unbalanced charges

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2
Q

______ is potential energy?

A

Static Electricity

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3
Q

Static electricity is the ____ you feel.

A

spark

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4
Q

Electric current is the _______ from one place to another.

A

flow of electrons

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5
Q

Electric current is measured in ______, but is often written as ____ for an ideal conductor.

A

amperes (amps)
I

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6
Q

Voltage is the ____ that drives the current through the circuit

A

Pressure

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7
Q

Conductors are material through which electrons ____ flow easily.

A

Can

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8
Q

Insulators are materials through which electrons ____ flow easily.

A

Cannot

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9
Q

You use wires for circuits. T/F

A

True

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10
Q

Electric currents flow in a _____ or _____.

A

Circle
Circuit

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11
Q

There are ____ types of circuits

A

2

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12
Q

What are the types of circuits

A

Series
Parallel

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13
Q

In a series circuit, the components are _____

A

Connected

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14
Q

In a series circuit, if the circuit is broken, ____ will still work

A

Nothing

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15
Q

In a parallel circuit, there are _____ to the components

A

branches

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16
Q

In a parallel circuit, if the circuit is broken at any one branch, only the components in that branch will _____

A

Turn off.

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17
Q

Most houses and buildings are wired with _____ circuits

A

Parallel

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18
Q

A fuse is a device that _____ by short-circuiting.

A

Protects your house.

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19
Q

In a fuse, a metal strip over-heats and melts, causing _____

A

a break in the flow of electricity

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20
Q

A diode is a device that allows electrical current to flow _____

A

in 1 direction

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21
Q

Examples of diodes

A

LEDs, TV remotes, laptop screens, flat screen TVs

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22
Q

A transistor is a semiconductor that is used to _____

A

Amplify an electrical signal

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23
Q

Examples of where semiconductors are used

A

Cell phones
Computers
Radios

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24
Q

The force between ____ charged protons and ____ charged electrons is what hold electrons in an atom.

A

Positively
Negatively

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25
An electric force is based on two things: - The amount of ____ on an object - The ____ the charge, the ____ the force - The ____ between the charges - The ____ together the charges, the ____ the force.
- charge - greater, greater - distance - closer, greater
26
Just like ___, electrical charges are attracted to each other
magnets
27
____ charges are attracted to ___ charges, just like a ____ pole is attracted to a ____ pole of a ____.
- Positive - Negative - North - South -Magnet
28
When you rub certain materials together, such as a balloon with a cloth, ____ are transferred between materials.
Electrons
29
When you rub certain materials together, such as a balloon with a cloth, and electrons are transferred between materials...this gives one material an overall ____ charge, and the other an overall ____ charge.
-Positive - Negative
30
Static electricity is the ____ of electrical charges on an object.
Buildup
31
Electrical charges built up on an object (Static electricity) remain on the object and ____ ____ ____.
Do Not Move
32
When we have ____ charges, it builds up as static electricity
unbalanced
33
When we touch an object that has the ____ charge than us, ____ 'jump' to that object, leading to the ____ that we feel
- Opposite - Electrons - Shock
34
Electric (static) discharge is the loss of ____ as ____ move off an object.
- Static Electricity - Charges
35
____ is a dramatic example of electrical discharge
Lightning
36
Conductors are materials through which an ____ can flow ____.
- Electric charge - Easily
37
Materials through which an electric charge can flow easily are called ____.
Conductors
38
5 examples of conductors are:
- Steel - Gold - Cooper - Silver - Sea Water
39
Metals are ____ conductors because their electrons move ____.
- Good - Freely
40
Insulators do ____ allow ____ to flow ____.
- Not - Electric Charge - Easily
41
Materials that do not allow electric charges to flow easily are called ____.
Insulators
42
In insulators, electrons are held together ____ and do ____ ____.
- Tightly - Not Transfer
43
5 examples of insulators are:
- Rubber - Glass - Oil - Diamond - Dry Wood
44
Current is the ____ of ____ from one place to another
- Flow - Electrons
45
Current is measured in ____
Amperes (amps)
46
Resistance is the ____ to the flow of an electric current.
Opposition
47
The ____ the resistance the ____ the electrical current.
- Greater - Weaker
48
Good conductors have ___ resistance.
Low
49
Resistance is measures in ____
Ohms
50
Resistance is affected by what 4 things:
- Material (aluminum and copper have low resistance) - Wire Diameter (the thicker the wire the lower the resistance) - Wire Length (shorter wire has lower resistence) - Temperature (lower temperature has lower resistence)
51
The thinner the wire the ____ the resistance.
Higher
52
The longer the wire the ____ the resistance
Higher
53
The higher the temperature the ____ the resistance.
Higher
54
Electromagnets are ____ magnets that can be turned on or off.
Powerful
55
You can make an electromagnet stronger by:
- putting more loops in the coil - making a larger core - increasing the current moving through the wire
56
A generator is a machine that _____
changes mechanical energy into electric energy
57
Generators usually use ____ to create currents in coils of wire
magnets
58
A motor is a device that _____
converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
59
Strength of force between two magnets depends on the ____ between them.
distance
60
Magnetic fields exert a ____ on other magnets and objects made of magnetic materials
force
61
The ____ the magnetic field lines are, the ____ the magnetic field.
- closer - stronger
62
Only a few metals, such as ____, ____ and ____, are attracted to magnets or can be made into permanent magnets
- iron - cobalt - nickel
63
All magnets have a ____ and a ____ pole
- north - south
64
What kind of magnets are made by placing a magnetic material in a strong magnetic field, forcing magnetic domains to line up
Permanent
65
What kind of magnets are made from materials easy to magnetize, but don't hold magnetism long?
Temporary
66
Earth behaves as though it has a ____ magnet running through its center
Bar
67
Earth's magnetism is related to the _____ of molten material within its core
Circulation
68
The poles of the imaginery magnet would be located near Earth's geographic poles. - ____ in the Northern Hemisphere - ____ in the Southern Hemisphere
- South - North
69
What type of material allows electric charges to flow through?
Conductor
70
What type of material does not allow electric charges to flow through?
Insulator
71
Rubber is a ____
Insulator
72
Most metals are ____
Conductors
73
What type of material can help reduce heat loss
Insulator
74
What type of material gets cold or hot very quickly
Conductors
75
What type of material will help complete a circuit
Conductor
76
What can conduct electricity, but only in certain conditions?
Semi-conductors
77
What type of charges attract to each others?
Opposite
78
Static electricity is formed when ____ are transferred from one object to another
Electrons
79
What device amplifies an electronic signal?
Transistor
80
What device allows electricity to flow in only one direction?
Diode

Science 8th Grade (4 decks)

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