Intro to Immune system

Question 1

Iniate immunity- found in, timing, major cells involved + types of receptos

Answer 1

• In most living organisms
• Rapids (mins to days)
• Parynchymal cells, granulocytes, lymphoid cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells
• Pattern recognition receptors (non spec)

Question 2

Cellular vs horomonal immunity

Answer 2

cellular- cell based components of immune system (macrophages, neutrophils, tcells)

humoral- extracellular components (complement pro, antibodies)

Question 3

what are the 2 main lymphoid organs (and what is produced there)

Answer 3

Bone marrow- multipotent stem cells, B cell development

Thymus- Site of t cell development

Question 4

what are the 3 main secondary lympoid organs (+ what happens there)

Answer 4

1. Lymph nodes
2. Spleen
3. MALTS (NALT/BALT/GALT, Peyers patches, tonsils, apendix)

Site of activation of T/B cells

Question 5

Functions of Lymphatic system (3)

Answer 5

1. Removal of excess fluids in body tissues
2. Absorbtion of fatty acifs
3. Immune defence (transport b/t cells)

Question 6

where are t and b cells found in the lymph node

Answer 6

Paracortical area- mostly t cells

Germinal centers- where b cells are found

Question 7

What happens in the two pulps of the spleen

Answer 7

Red- site of RBC removal, monocyte resevoir

White- Peripheral lymphoid tissue (where t + B cells activated)

Question 8

What are the organized MALTs (and loc)

Answer 8

Payers patches- in ileum of s. intestine

Tonsils

Question 9

What are the sporatic MALTs

Answer 9

NALT
GALT
VALT

Question 10

What is waldeyes ring and what is it made of

Answer 10

-located post to opening of the eustachian tube on lat wall of nasopharynx

1. Adenoid
2. tubal
3. palantine
4. Lingual

Question 11

What are tertiary lymphoid organs

Answer 11

Pathological lymph node-like structures that form in tissues at sites of chronic inflammation

Question 12

what are the 3 major categoiries of soluble mediators of immunity

Answer 12

1. Cytokines (ILs, Chemokines, Interferons, TNFa)
2. Lipid mediators (protaglandins, leukotriens)
3. Vasoactive amines (histamine, serotonin)

Question 13

Function of IL1, TNFa, IL6, IL8 and IL12

Answer 13

IL1/TNFa- Activates vascular endothelium
IL6- Local and systemic effects
IL8- Chemokine
IL12- Activation of NK cells

Question 14

Antigen vs epitope

Answer 14

Antigen- a substance that induces the immune response

epitope- The specific part of the antigen which B and T cells recognize

Question 15

What are the 2 Antigens and what part of the immune system recognizes them

Answer 15

DAMPS- antigens associates with cell injury

PAMPS- Antigens found soley on harmfull microbes (pathogens)

Innate system prioritizes PAMP/DAMP detection

Question 16

what are the cells part of the common lympoid progenitor lineage

Answer 16

B/T cells
NK cells
Myleoblasts (basophils, monocytes etc)
MAST cells `