INTRO TO NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 1

The Spinal Cord gives an origin for 1 cranial nerve

Answer 1

(spinal accessory)

Question 2

Somatic NS Is divided into

Answer 2

Efferent (Motor) Part
Afferent (Sensory) Part

Question 3

Central Nervous System

(CNS) consist of ——–
Autonomic (visceral) NS consist of ——-

Answer 3

brain and spinal cord
Sympathetic
division & Parasympathetic
division

Question 4

Golgi’s reticular theory of neurones

Answer 4

neurons form a
continuous reticular
net and are
continuously
connected with
each other.

Question 5

The neuron doctrine
proposed by Cajal,

Answer 5

that neurons in
fact are structurally
independent,

Question 6

Ability of neuronal cells to respond to
environmental changes (stimuli).

Answer 6

Excitability.

Question 7

Ability of neuronal cells to produce electrical signals
that are quickly conducted to other cells at distant locations

Answer 7

Conductivity.

Question 8

Non excitable cells in the brain

Answer 8

Neuroglia

Question 9

Dendrites function

Answer 9

carry
impulses to cell body

Question 10

Axons function

Answer 10

Carry impulses away from cell body

Question 11

structure where signals are transmitted

Answer 11

Synapse

Question 12

Retina neuron
Motor neuron

Answer 12

Bipolar
Multipolar

Question 13

a delicate
connective tissue sheath that
surrounds the axon (nerve fiber)

Answer 13

Endoneurium

Question 14

a layer of dense
connective tissue that encloses a
bundle of nerve fibers (fascicles)

Answer 14

Perineurium

Question 15

thick connective
tissue that surround bundle of
fascicles forming outermost
covering of nerve

Answer 15

Epineurium

Question 16

Collection of nerve cell
bodies

Answer 16

Gray matter(Substancia grisea).
includes the :Brain cortex, cerebellum cortex, nuclei of brain & spinal cord

Question 17

Collection of neuronal

processes

Answer 17

White matter

Question 18

Collection of cell bodies
within the CNS

Collection of nerve cell
bodies outside the CNS

Answer 18

Nucleus
Ganglion

Question 19

Collections of axons
outside the CNS

Collections of axons
within the CNS

Answer 19

nerves
Tracts

Question 20

space below the arachnoid which contains CSF

Answer 20

subarachnoid space

Question 21

outer ~ inner meninges

Answer 21

DURA
ARACHNOID
PIA

Question 22

Blood supply to the brain by vertebral / basillar artery

Answer 22

• Optic radiation
• Temporal lobe, occipital
  lobe
• Thalamus
• Medulla
• Pons
• Mesencephalon
• Cerebellum

Question 23

Blood supply to the brain by internal carotid artery

Answer 23

• Eye, optic nerve, optic chiasm
• Optic tract and part of optic
  radiation
• Frontal, parietal, temporal lobe
• Internal capsule
• Basal ganglia
• Hypothalamus

Question 24

12 pairs of cranial nerves exit through

Answer 24

skull foramina

Question 25

31 pairs of spinal nerves exit through

Answer 25

intervertebral foramina

Question 26

31 pairs of spinal nerves:

Answer 26

8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccyx

Question 27

Anterior root of spinal cord: contains Posterior root: contains

Answer 27

motor fibers sensory fibers

Question 28

Anterior and posterior nerve root unite at

Answer 28

Intervertebral foramen

Question 29

Posterior rami supply

Answer 29

joints of vertebral column, deep muscles of back and overlying skin

Question 30

Anterior rami supply

Answer 30

anterolateral region of trunk, upper and lower limbs

Question 31

Rami which form plexuses of the body and give lateral and anterior cutaneous branches

Answer 31

Anterior rami

Question 32

Preganglionic neurons of sympathetic system are located in the

Answer 32

-Lateral horn of spinal cord - thoracic and upper lumbar region (in the CNS) T1-L2

Question 33

Preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic system are located

Answer 33

-Brainstem (CN 3,5,9,10) -sacral segments (2-4) of spinal cord.

Question 34

The cell bodies of second (postganglionic) neurons are located in the

Answer 34

Autonomic ganglia outside the CNS: ● Paravertebral ● Prevertebral

Question 35

the plexuses that surround the main branches of abdominal aorta:

Answer 35

Prevertebral ganglia (Collateral ganglia)● Coeliac ganglia ● Superior mesenteric ganglia ● Inferior mesenteric ganglia

Question 36

Ganglia that form right and left sympathetic trunk (chains)

Answer 36

Paravertebral ganglia

Question 37

Fibers which Transmit pain, temperature, touch, and proprioception from the body to the CNS.

Answer 37

General Somatic Afferent Fibers (GSA)

Question 38

Fibers that Convey special sensory impulses of vision, hearing, and equilibration to the CNS.

Answer 38

Special Somatic Afferent Fibers (SSA)

Question 39

Fibers that Carry motor impulses to the skeletal muscles of the body.

Answer 39

General Somatic Efferent Fibers (GSE)

Question 40

Fibers that Transmit smell and taste sensations to the CNS.

Answer 40

Special Visceral Afferent Fibers (SVA)

Question 41

fibers that Convey sensory impulses from visceral organs to the CNS.

Answer 41

General Visceral Afferent Fibers (GVA)

Question 42

Fibers that Transmit motor impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular tissues.

Answer 42

General Visceral Efferent Fibers (Autonomic Nerves) (GVE)

Question 43

Fibers that Conduct motor impulses to the muscles of the head and neck.

Answer 43

Special Visceral Efferent Fibers (SVE)