Intro to opthamology Flashcards
What are the 2 refracting surfaces in the eye
The cornea and the lens
Where in the eye does light focus?
The macula
Where in the eye is the macula found?
The center of the retina
What is the medical term for short sightedness?
Myopia
What is the medical term for long sightedness?
Hypermetropia
What happens to the length of the eyeball in myopia?
The eyeball is long
What happens to the length of the eyeball in hypermetropia?
The eyeball is short
Where does the image focus in myopia?
In front of the retina
Where does the image focus in hypermetropia?
Behind the retina
What leads to double vision?
Misalignment of the visual axis
What happens if there is inflammation in the orbit?
The eyes bulge out
What does the orbit of the eye contain?
The eyeball, muscles, vasculature, nerves, lacrimal gland, drainage system
What is the medical term for bulging of the eye?
Proptosis/ exophthalmos
What does fracture of the orbit cause?
Enopthalmos
Why may there be restricted eye movements in a fracture of the orbit?
A muscle may get trapped
What is colobomas?
Disruption of the fusion process which forms the eyeball
When during embryo development does the optic vesicle develop?
Week 4
What years of a child’s life are most crucial for visual development?
The first 7 years
After what age can a lazy eye not be remedied?
After 7 years of age
What is the legal definition of blindness?
So blind that they cannot do any work for which eyesight is essential
What is the most common cause of blindness?
Cataracts (age related) and wrong glasses
What is trachoma?
When due to inflammation the eyelid and eyelashes are pushed backwards, this causes eyelashes to abrade the eye leading to conjunctival scarring
In the UK which demographics are more likely to be blind?
Women and those from minority ethnic backgrounds
How does age related macular degeneration cause poor vision?
There are changes to the retina which causes scarring and affects vision
