Intro to Radiology Flashcards
(33 cards)
diagnostic imaging
visual imaging of pathologic anatomy and pathologic metabolism
x-rays
ionizing radiation
-gamma rays or X rays or particulate radiation
sufficient energy to remove electrons from the atoms of material
who discovered X-rays
Dr. W. C. Rontgen
what three things use X-rays
radiographs, CAT scans, fluoroscopy
gamma rays
in nuclear medicine
ultrasound
sound waves
MRI
uses spinning protons
ionizing radiation
removes electron
-always small risk
CT and CAT scans
fancy radiographs
contrast radiography
uses X-rays after contrast
fluoroscopy
real-time radiography
angiography
contrast in heart
advantage of CT
density discrimination and increased contrast
can look in 3D
functional information
less invasive
very fine detail possible depending on slice
rapid evaluation of critical patient
nuclear medicine
function rather than anatomy
use radiotracers (radiopharmaceutlcals)
cancer tumor localization
(unclear medicine) bc its fuzzy imaging
how to detect GI bleed?
nuclear medicine
PET scans
use FDG - F-fluorodeoxyglucose
glucose analog
ultrasound
uses sound
advantages of ultrasound?
safe, noninvasive, inexpensive, visualize motion
dissadvantages of ultrasound?
highly dependent on skilled technologist
will not penetrate bone or air
many artifacts
ultrasound
can see turbulent flow and measure rate
MRI
uses spinning protons
advantages of MRI?
multiplanar ability
insensitive to obscuration by bone
better soft tissue contrast
disadvantages of MRI?
low signal areas difficult to distinguish (lungs)
claustrophobia
some medical devices (ferromagnetic) BAD!
artifact prone
patient monitoring difficult
MRI good for?
brain and spine imaging
