Intro to Radiology Flashcards Preview

MSS - MSK Exam 1 > Intro to Radiology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Intro to Radiology Deck (33)
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1
Q

diagnostic imaging

A

visual imaging of pathologic anatomy and pathologic metabolism

2
Q

x-rays

A

ionizing radiation
-gamma rays or X rays or particulate radiation

sufficient energy to remove electrons from the atoms of material

3
Q

who discovered X-rays

A

Dr. W. C. Rontgen

4
Q

what three things use X-rays

A

radiographs, CAT scans, fluoroscopy

5
Q

gamma rays

A

in nuclear medicine

6
Q

ultrasound

A

sound waves

7
Q

MRI

A

uses spinning protons

8
Q

ionizing radiation

A

removes electron

-always small risk

9
Q

CT and CAT scans

A

fancy radiographs

10
Q

contrast radiography

A

uses X-rays after contrast

11
Q

fluoroscopy

A

real-time radiography

12
Q

angiography

A

contrast in heart

13
Q

advantage of CT

A

density discrimination and increased contrast
can look in 3D
functional information
less invasive

very fine detail possible depending on slice

rapid evaluation of critical patient

14
Q

nuclear medicine

A

function rather than anatomy

use radiotracers (radiopharmaceutlcals)

cancer tumor localization

(unclear medicine) bc its fuzzy imaging

15
Q

how to detect GI bleed?

A

nuclear medicine

16
Q

PET scans

A

use FDG - F-fluorodeoxyglucose

glucose analog

17
Q

ultrasound

A

uses sound

18
Q

advantages of ultrasound?

A

safe, noninvasive, inexpensive, visualize motion

19
Q

dissadvantages of ultrasound?

A

highly dependent on skilled technologist
will not penetrate bone or air
many artifacts

20
Q

ultrasound

A

can see turbulent flow and measure rate

21
Q

MRI

A

uses spinning protons

22
Q

advantages of MRI?

A

multiplanar ability
insensitive to obscuration by bone
better soft tissue contrast

23
Q

disadvantages of MRI?

A

low signal areas difficult to distinguish (lungs)
claustrophobia
some medical devices (ferromagnetic) BAD!
artifact prone
patient monitoring difficult

24
Q

MRI good for?

A

brain and spine imaging

25
Q

NG tube

A

both ports in stomach

to get rid of excess gas

26
Q

dobhoff tube

A

has to be below EG junction
prefer in duodenum

feeding tube

27
Q

ETT

A

endotracheal tube

for breathing

should be 5-7cm above carina

28
Q

PIC/IJ/SVC

A

should be in mid SVC

29
Q

clue for venous catheter poor placement

A

red pulsating blood

30
Q

if feeding tube in trachea?

A

take another chest X-ray!!

31
Q

carina

A

branch of bronchi in trachea

32
Q

subdural hematoma

A
venous bleed (slow)
crescent shaped

acute, subacute, or chronic
can cross sutures
not normally a medical emergency

33
Q

epidural hematoma

A

arterial bleed (fast)
football shaped
also limited by sutures!

medical EMERGENCY

usually from acute trauma