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ANAT315 post midterm > intro to the lower limb > Flashcards

intro to the lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

what is another name for the hip bone?

A

innominate

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2
Q

what is the bone that connects to the hip at the thigh?

A

femur

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3
Q

what are the 2 bones that compose the leg?

A

tibia and fibula

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4
Q

what type of bone is the patella?

A

sesamoid bone

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5
Q

what are the 3 sets of bones that make up the foot?

A

tarsals
metatarsals
phalanges

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6
Q

how should the pelvis be positionned in lab to evaluate if it is tilted?

A

ASIS and tubic tubercle should be aligned along a piece of paper and it should be help up with an anterior tilt when doing so

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7
Q

in what directions can the pelvis be tilted?

A
  • posterior pelvic tilt

- anterior pelvic tilt

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8
Q

how can the support space be increased?

A

by increasing the distance between in our feet in our standing stance

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9
Q

in the sagittal view, how should the center of gravity be distributed?

A

it should be found in front of the knee and pass through the center of the foot

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10
Q

what are the bones that make up the pelvic girdle?

A
  • hip bones
  • sacrum
  • coccyx
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11
Q

what region comprises the true pelvis?

A

it is the space between the inlet and the outlet

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12
Q

what organs can be found in the true pelvis?

A

bladder, prostate, rectum

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13
Q

where is the false pelvis located?

A

right above the true pelvis, it is composed of the angled part of the pelvic girdle

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14
Q

what is the other name given to the pelvic inlet?

A

pelvic brim

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15
Q

how do the shapes of the inlet and outlet differ?

A

in: more circular
out: triangular shape

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16
Q

what are some feature unique to female pelvis?

A
  • wide oval inlet
  • wide and shallow
  • round outlet
  • subpubic angle of around 90-100 degrees
  • coccyx is straighter
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17
Q

what are some feature unique to male pelvis?

A
  • wide and deep
  • het shaped inlet
  • narrow, oblong outlet (triangle)
  • subpubic angle is around 70 degrees
  • more prominent primary curvature of the coccyx
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18
Q

what are the joints that form the pelvic girdle?

A
  • lumbosacral
  • sacroiliac joint
  • hip joint
  • sacrococcygeal
  • public symphysis
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19
Q

what type of joint in the lumbosacral joint?

A

solid symphysis joint

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20
Q

what is being articulated in the lumbosacral joint?

A

L5 and S1

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21
Q

what is being articulated in the sacroiliac joint?

A

sacrum and illiac

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22
Q

what type of joint in the sacroiliac joint?

A

anterior: synovial joint (plane and gliding
posterior: syndesmosis

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23
Q

what type of joint in the hip joint?

A

synovial ball and socket

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24
Q

what is being articulated in the hip joint?

A

femus and hip bone

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25
what is being articulated in the pubic symphysis??
it joins the pubis of the each side of the hip bone
26
what type of joint in the pubic symphysis?
solid symphysis
27
what holds together the pubic symphysis?
superior and inferior public ligaments
28
what type of joint in the sacrococcygeal joint?
solid symphysis
29
what articulates in the sacrococcygeal joint?
sacrum and coccyx
30
how is the hip bone divided?
in 3 sections ilium pubis ischium
31
what parts compose the ilium?
ala of the ilium (wing) | body of the ilium
32
what are the various spines found on the anterior side of the ilium?
anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) | anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
33
what are the various spines found on the posterior side of the ilium?
posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) Posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS)
34
How could you describe the iliac crest?
it is a boney ridge felt at the top of out hips
35
what is the name of the foramen formed between the ischium and the pubis?
obturator foramen
36
what is the socket region of the hip?
acetabulum
37
what composes the ischiopubic ramus?
inferior pubic ramus | ischial ramus
38
what part of the butt makes it become achey or feel boney when seated?
ischial tuberosity
39
what notch sits above the ischial spine?
greater sciatic notch
40
what is the function of the auricular surface of the ilium?
serves as a point of attachment to the sacrum
41
what is the name of the fossa found on the hip bone?
iliac fossa
42
where does the iliolumbar ligament range from?
from L5 to the ilium
43
what does the inguinal ligament create?
the V shape associated with the abs
44
what is the name of the ligaments that range from the sacrum to the iliac?
anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
45
where the the inguinal ligament range from?
from the ASIS to the pubic tubercle
46
what is the name of the fascia in the thigh?
fascia lata
47
what is the fascia behind the knee?
popliteal fascia
48
what is the name of the fascia in the leg?
crural fascia
49
what is the role of the facia found in the leg and thigh?
it serves to hold everything together
50
what muscles tenses the iliotibial band?
tensor facia lata
51
what is the name given to the space that separates muscle tissues when observing the cross-section of the thigh?
intermuscular septa
52
how does the common Iliac A split?
it splits into the external Iliac A. and into the internal Iliac A.
53
what arteries arise from the external iliac artery?
femoral A which then becomes the popliteal A
54
at what point does the femoral A transition?
at the adductor hiatus
55
at what point does the external A transition?
at the inguinal A
56
which vein travels along the medial leg, posteromedial knee and medial thigh?
great saphenous vein
57
what vein drains into the femoral vein via the saphenous opening in fascia lata
great saphenous vein
58
where does the small saphenous vein travel?
travels on the posterior side through the calf
59
what vein will drain in the popliteal vein?
small saphenous vein
60
what are the lymph nodes found in the lower limbs?
superficial inguinal nodes deep inguinal nodes popliteal nodes
61
which lymph nodes drain directly into the deep inguinal lymph node?
superficial inguinal nodes | deep popliteal nodes
62
Deep Inguinal Lymph Nodes recieves drainage from where?
various regions
63
what region does the superficial popliteal lymph nodes cover?
``` posterior leg (calf) lateral foot ```
64
what region does the deep popliteal lymph nodes cover?
leg and foot
65
what region does the superficial Inguinal lymph nodes cover?
skin of gluteal region | majority of the skin except for posterior leg and lat. foot
66
what region does the internal iliac lymph nodes cover?
gluteal muscle
67
what does the deep inguinal lymph node drain into?
into the external iliac lymph node
68
what are the dermatome of the anterior thigh-leg
l1: hip bone-pubic region L2: hip to inner thigh L3: inferior hip bone to medial side of knee/calf L4: from lateral thigh, across knee, down to medial side of the foot (big toe) L5: Lateral side of knee to center of the foot (toes 2-4) S1: lateral side of calf to small toe
69
what are the dermatomes of the butt?
its like a bull’s-eye | S3-S4-S5 where S5 is the center
70
what are the dermatomes of the posterior thigh-leg?
S1: upper butt all the way down the lateral side of each thigh and leg S2: right above S3 and goes all the way down the medial side of leg and thigh L5: heel

ANAT315 post midterm (10 decks)

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