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Paediatrics > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

What is paediatric dentistry?

A
  • Practice, teaching and research into comprehensive therapeutic oral health care for children from birth to adolescence
  • Includes care for children who demonstrate intellectual, medical, physical, psychological and/or emotional problems
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2
Q

Name 9 types of dentistry paediatrics includes

A
  1. Restorative care (routine and advanced)
  2. Oral surgery
  3. Oral medicine
  4. Endodontics (primary and permanent teeth)
  5. Periodontics
  6. Prosthetics
  7. Trauma
  8. Orthodontics
  9. Dental anomalies
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3
Q

Why is paediatric endodontics important?

A

Requires specialist care as the apex of permanent roots are not usually formed if endodontics are required

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4
Q

Name 2 reasons paediatric prosthetics may be necessary

A
  1. Dysplasia

2. Severe hypodontia

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5
Q

Name 3 reasons paediatric orthodontics may be necessary

A
  1. Ectopic canines
  2. Hypodontia
  3. Supernumerary teeth
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6
Q

Name 6 types of prevention in paediatric dentistry

A
  1. Cancer
  2. Anxiety / phobia
  3. Trauma
  4. Erosion
  5. Periodontal disease
  6. Symptoms e.g pain and infection
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7
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

Aims to protect healthy people from developing a disease

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8
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Aims to limit impact of disease at any early stage

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9
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Focuses on managing complications and long term health problems

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10
Q

Describe primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of caries in children

A

Primary - Keeping children’s teeth healthy before disease occurs
Secondary - Limiting impact of caries at early stage
Tertiary - Rehabilitation of decayed teeth with further preventative care

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11
Q

Name 5 ways primary prevention of dental caries in children is carried out

A
  1. Dental health education (population and community based)
  2. Oral hygeine instruction
  3. Diet
  4. Fluoride (systemic and topical)
  5. Fissure sealants
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12
Q

Name 3 ways secondary and tertiary prevention of dental caries in children is carried out

A
  1. Diagnosis of carious lesions
  2. Management of carious lesions
  3. Re-restoration
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13
Q

Describe registration, review and recall of new paediatric patients

A

Registration - Ideally when teeth erupt but before 1st birthday
Review - Depends on clinical treatment
Recall - All patients at least anually

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14
Q

Name 4 reasons to prevent dental caries and restore children’s teeth

A
  1. Pain
  2. Infection
  3. Malocclusions
  4. Aesthetics
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15
Q

Name 4 challenges of paediatric dentistry

A
  1. Basic problem of dental caries
  2. Special child
  3. Specialist paediatric dentistry
  4. Deliver of service
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16
Q

Describe decay in primary teeth

A
  • NI worst in the UK
  • Little improvement since 1993
  • Deprivation more likely to lead to decayed teeth
17
Q

Name 3 certain groups of people which present specific problems to paediatric dentistry

A
  1. Very young (under 5 years old)
  2. Anxious
  3. Medically compromised
18
Q

Name 5 types of specialist paediatric dentistry

A
  1. Supernumerary teeth
  2. Delayed eruption
  3. Hypodontia
  4. Structural defects (developmental or acquired)
  5. Trauma
19
Q

Describe the delivery of service of paediatric dentistry

A
  • GDC primary care is under the NHS
  • Specialist paediatric dental practice
  • Community dental service (provision varies with some specialists)
  • Hospital dental service (consultant led)
20
Q

What is necessary to discuss when talking about consent?

A
  • Must be written and informed
  • Obtained for each course of treatment
  • Discuss what treatment will involve, risks and benefits, alternative options
  • Always answer questions honestly
21
Q

Who can give consent?

A
  • Everyone >16 years is presumed competent unless otherwise demonstrated
  • If a child <16 has sufficient understanding and intelligence to enable them to understand they are competent for consent
  • A child not able to give consent someone with parental responsibility may do so on their behalf
22
Q

Who has parental responsibility?

A
  • Usually the child’s birth parents
  • Always the child’s mother
  • The father if married to the mother, named on birth certificate, or agreed to it through a court order or parental responsibility agreement
  • Legally appointed guardian
  • HSCT is child subject to care
  • Person named in a residence order in respect to child

Paediatrics (12 decks)

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