Introduction

Question 1

What are natural sources that a drug can come from?

Answer 1

plants, animals, microorganisms

Question 2

Drugs that promote health

Answer 2

anti-inflammatory

Question 3

Drugs that cure disease

Answer 3

antibacterial

Question 4

Drugs that control of slow progress of disease

Answer 4

cancer chemotherapy

Question 5

Drugs that prevent disease

Answer 5

vaccines

Question 6

Drugs that alter neurotransmission

Answer 6

antidepressants

Question 7

Drugs that decrease the risk of complications

Answer 7

anticoagulants

Question 8

Drugs that increase function and comfort

Answer 8

analgesics for pain

Question 9

Drugs that provide replacement therapy

Answer 9

Insulin

Question 10

Drugs that reduce excessive activity in the body

Answer 10

proton pump inhibitors

Question 11

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 11

drug-induced response of physiologic and biochemical system

Question 12

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 12

Drug amounts at different sites after administration

Question 13

Pharmacotherapeutics

Answer 13

Choice and drug application for disease prevention, treatment, or diagnosis

Question 14

Toxicology

Answer 14

Study of the body’s response to drugs, harmful effects, mechanisms of action, symptoms, treatments, identification

Question 15

Pharmacy

Answer 15

Preparation, compounding, dispensing, and record-keeping of therapeutic drugs

Question 16

Therapeutic

Answer 16

Desired - stimulating or inhibiting cell function, blocking biochemical actions in tissues

Question 17

Classification

Answer 17

grouped by their primary pharmacologic action and effect

Question 18

Indications

Answer 18

Approved uses or conditions for which the drug has been proved to be effective

Question 19

Contraindications

Answer 19

Circumstances under which a drug should not be administer

Question 20

Side effects

Answer 20

a mild, undesirable effect of a drug, even at recommended dose

Question 21

Adverse or toxic effects

Answer 21

Drug effects that are dangerous, cause sever tissue damage

Question 22

Hypersensitivity

Answer 22

allergic reactions - mild or anaphylaxis

Question 23

Idiosyncratic reactions

Answer 23

unusual response to drug

Question 24

Iatrogenic

Answer 24

the negative effect associated with the administration of drug

Question 25

Teratogenic

Answer 25

the harmful effect on the fetus, developmental defects

Question 26

Interactions

Answer 26

drug effect modified by combination with another drug

Question 27

Synergism

Answer 27

the effect of drug combination may be greater than the sum of the effects of the individual drugs

Question 28

Antagonism

Answer 28

combination greatly decreases the effect of each drug

Question 29

Potentiation

Answer 29

one drug enhances the effect of a second drug

Question 30

Dose

Answer 30

amount of drug require to produce the desired effect in adult - weight, measure, time factor

Question 31

Child's dose

Answer 31

best calculated by child's weight

Question 32

Loading dose

Answer 32

A larger dose may be administered initially to raise blood levels to an effective level

Question 33

Frequency of dosing

Answer 33

important to maintain effective blood levels of the drug without reaching toxic levels

Question 34

Optimum dosing schedule

Answer 34

established for each drug based on absorption, transport of blood, half-life of the drug

Question 35

Timing

Answer 35

directions regarding - related to meals, daily events, sleep

Question 36

Factors affecting blood levels of drugs

Answer 36

regular intake, normal distribution, and excretion, irregular intervals, missing dosages, double dose, too frequently

Question 37

Factors influencing blood level of a drug

Answer 37

Liver and kidney function, circulation, age, weight, activity level, flood/fluid, genetic, health status

Question 38

Drugs can me administed

Answer 38

locally or having a systemic action

Question 39

Administration of Drug

Answer 39

enters the body by chosen route, is absorbed into the blood or acts at the local site, travels in the bloodstream, arrives at the site of action, exerts its effect, is metabolized into inactive compounds, excreted

Question 40

Oral medication

Answer 40

absorbed from stomach or intestines, transported to the liver, released into circulation

Question 41

Intramuscular injection

Answer 41

gradually absorbed into the blood, blood transports drug

Question 42

Drugs can

Answer 42

stimulate receptors directly or may block receptor site

Question 43

Specificity of drug depends on

Answer 43

mode of action

Question 44

Drugs that interact with several metabolic pathways or common functions will have

Answer 44

greater side effects

Question 45

Therapeutic effect must be balanced with

Answer 45

possible toxic effect

Question 46

Minimal effective dose

Answer 46

desired positive effects with minimal potential toxic effects

Question 47

Prescription includes

Answer 47

patient name, address, age, prescriber's name, address, id number, date, name of drug and amount, dosage, route, and permission for additional quantities