Introduction

Question 1

integument

Answer 1

first layer
epidermis
dermis

Question 2

epidermis

Answer 2

avascular, insensate

Question 3

dermis

Answer 3

vascular, innervated

Question 4

parts of dermis

Answer 4

accessory structure
Tension lines (Langer’s lines)
somatic sensory innervation
arterioles, sweat glands and arrector pilli supplied by sympathetic nervous system

Question 5

Langer’s lines

Answer 5

predominant direction of collagen fibers

affect healing and cosmesis

Question 6

fascia

Answer 6

internal wrapping/packaging
separates layers/tissues
creates tissue planes/compartments
prevents bowstringing

Question 7

superficial fascia

Answer 7

subcutaneous layer, hypodermis
2nd layer
poorly developed, fatty

Question 8

deep fascia

Answer 8

3rd layer
well developed
many specializations

Question 9

fibrous joints

Answer 9

little to no movement

Question 10

cartilaginous joints

Answer 10

slight movement

Question 11

synovial joints

Answer 11

free movement

Question 12

types of synovial joints

Answer 12

plane
hings
saddle
condyloid (ellipsoid)
ball and socket
pivot

Question 13

CNS components

Answer 13

brain

spinal cord

Question 14

what are brain and spinal cord surrounded by?

Answer 14

meninges
3 layers
CSF

Question 15

CNS function

Answer 15

interpretation of sensory data

origin of motor commands

Question 16

PNS components

Answer 16

cranial nerves and ganglia
-12 pairs
-exit cranium
spinal nerves and ganglia
-31 pairs
-exit vertebral column

Question 17

PNS ganglia

Answer 17

cell bodies
sensory
autonomic

Question 18

nerves

Answer 18

bundle of axons
cranial and spinal
sensory, motor or mixed

Question 19

multipolar neurons

Answer 19

somatic motor
all autonomic
most CNS

Question 20

unipolar neurons

Answer 20

(pseudounipolar)
somatic and visceral sensory
peripheral process
central process

Question 21

bipolar neurons

Answer 21

some special senses

Question 22

spinal nerves

Answer 22

formed at spinal cord segments (31)

all spinal nerves mixed sensory and motor

Question 23

dorsal root

Answer 23

sensory

Question 24

ventral root

Answer 24

motor

Question 25

31 pairs breakdown

Answer 25

``` 8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal exit vertebral column via intervertebral foramen ```

Question 26

dorsal ramus

Answer 26

sensation from skin of back | motor to deep back muscles

Question 27

ventral ramus

Answer 27

sensation from skin of lateral and anterior truck and limbs | motor to all other trunk and limb muscles

Question 28

dermatomes

Answer 28

area of skin innervated by sensory fibers of single spinal nerve high degree of overlap

Question 29

myotomes

Answer 29

muscle mass innervated by motor fibers of single spinal nerve

Question 30

plexuses

Answer 30

``` neurons of ventral rami intermingle 20 of 31 pairs cervical plexus C1-C5 brachial plexus C5-T1 lumbar plexus L1-L4 sacral plexus L4-S4 peripheral nerves formed from each plexus, innervation of limbs thoracic spinal nerves do not form plexus ```

Question 31

cervical plexus

Answer 31

C1-C4 or C5 ventral rami

Question 32

4 sensory nerves cervical plexus

Answer 32

great auricular lesser occipital transverse cervical supraclavicular

Question 33

2 motor nerves cervical plexus

Answer 33

ansa cervicalis | phrenic

Question 34

brachial plexus

Answer 34

C5-T1 ventral rami

Question 35

trunks of brachial plexus

Answer 35

C5, C6-superior trunk C7-middle trunk C8, T1-inferior trunk

Question 36

trunks divide into what divisions?

Answer 36

anterior and posterior

Question 37

divisions>cords

Answer 37

anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks form lateral cord anterior division of inferior truck forms medial cord posterior divisions of all trunks form posterior cord

Question 38

brachial plexus terminal branches-5 peripheral nerves form from cords

Answer 38

``` musculocutaneous ulnar median axillary radial Run To Drink Cold Beer ```

Question 39

brachial plexus pre-terminal (collateral) branches

Answer 39

``` 11 peripheral nerves leave at earlier points dorsal scapular long thoracic suprascapular subclavian lateral pectoral medial pectoral upper subscapular thoracodorsal lower subscapular medial brachial cutaneous medial antebrachial cutaneous ```

Question 40

lumbar plexus

Answer 40

ventral rami L1-L4

Question 41

lumbar plexus 7 peripheral nerves

Answer 41

``` femoral obturator lumbosacral trunk L1 splits-ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric genitofemoral lateral femoral cutaneous ```

Question 42

sacral plexus

Answer 42

ventral rami L4-S4

Question 43

sacral plexus 7 major peripheral nerves

Answer 43

``` sciatic pudendal superior gluteal inferior gluteal posteror cutaneous nerve of thigh nerve to quadratus femoris nerve to obturator internus ```