Introduction to Art Flashcards by Harrison Romero

art

creative and unique expression

form of communication

anything intended to be art

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medium

media

materials used to make art

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elements of art

value (light)

composition

form (shape)

colors

space

lines

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function of art in society

entertainment

invoke emotion

religious purposes

honoring or remembering people

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Paleolithic era

old stone age

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climate of Paleolithic era

ice age

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clothing of Paleolithic era

animal skins

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shelter of Paleolithic era

teepees

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animism

belief that all things have a non-physical component (spirit)

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known as the “Cave of Lascaux” or “House of Bulls”

from the Paleolithic era

located in France

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known as a “Venus figure”

from the Paleolithic era

found from England to Russia

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known as the “Venus of Willendorf”

from the Paleolithic era

most famous Venus figure

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Neolithic era

new stone age

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changes from the Neolithic Revolution

agriculture

domestication of animals

sedentarism

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agriculture

science and art of cultivating plants and livestock

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domestication of animals

mutual relationship between animals and the humans who have influence on their care and reproduction

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sedentarism

increase of settlements

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5 side effects of agriculture in the Neolithic Revolution

invention of tools for the soil

invention of irrigation

invention of scythe or sickle

invention of grindstone

use of ceramics

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5 side effects of domestication of animals in the Neolithic Revolution

invention of shears

invention of spindle

invention of loom

use of dairy technology

invention of tack

invention of wheel

invention of fences

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5 side effects of sedentarism in the Neolithic Revolution

popularization of permanent shelter

invention of government

invention of laws

use of trade

popularization of craft specialization

use of war in conflicts

spread of disease

invention of writing methods

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tack

leather riding gear

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petroglyph

Neolithic rock writing

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known as “Stonehenge”

from the Neolithic era

found in England

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function of Stonehenge

calendar (for planting crops)

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megalith

large stone used in Neolithic sculpture and architecture

known as an "African ceremonial mask" from the Neolithic era

use of African ceremonial masks

dancing as attempt to speak to God

known as an "Easter Island head" or "Moai" from the Neolithic era

known as "Mesa Verde Cliff Palace" from the Neolithic era

known as a "Colossal Head" from the Neolithic era found in Olmec

inspiration of Colossal Head

past leaders

known as "Pyramid of the Jaguar" from the Neolithic era Mayan pyramid was brightly painted

functions of the Pyramid of the Jaguar

tomb for kings sanctuary for religious ceremonies

known as "Aztec calendar stone" from the Neolithic era

Mesoamerica

means "between the Americas" 1^st location of human settlements in Americas

countries of Mesoamerica

southern Mexico Guatemala Belize El Salvador northern Honduras

rituals of Mayan civilization

human sacrifice blood-letting body modifications

primary ritual of Aztec civilization

human sacrifice

kingdoms of Egypt

Old Kingdom Middle Kingdom New Kingdom

Pharaoh

ruler of ancient Egypt

dynasty

rulership passed down from generation-to-generation in some families

hieroglyphs

Egyptian picture writings

relief sculpture relief carving

sculpture on a 2-dimensional surface

symbol

concrete representation of an abstract concept

known as "Palette of Narmer" from Egypt example of relief carving depicts an image of Narmer

Narmer

1^st Egyptian Pharoah unified Egypt

known as "Pyramid of Zoser" from Egypt

commissioner of Pyramid of Zoser

Imhotep

known as "Great Pyramid of Giza" from Egypt

builders of Great Pyramid of Giza

laborers

purpose of Great Pyramid of Giza

glorification of power of Pharoah

known as "Sphinx" from Egypt

location of Sphinx

very close to Great Pyramid of Giza

known as "Portrait of Khafre" from Egypt

known as "Bust of Nefertete" from Egypt currently located in Berlin

canopic urn

container used to store organs of mummies

Egyptian beliefs and rituals about death

believed in the division of heaven and hell believed there would be a judgement day held funerals (mummification) buried the dead in pyramids used cemeteries used coffins (many boxes) visited the dead marked graves with tombstones

known as "Funeral Mask of King Tut" from Egypt

medium of Funeral Mask of King Tut

pure gold

known as "Abu Simbel" from Egypt

commissioner of Abu Simbel

Ramses

Mesopotamia

where civilization 1^st appeared in world means "between the rivers"

rivers of Mesopotamia

Tigris river Euphrates river

location of Mesopotamia

present-day Iraq

cuneiform

Mesopotamian writing

known as "Ziggurat of Ur" from Mesopotamia needed to be reconstructed

known as "Stele of Hammurabi" from Mesopotamia example of relief carving depicts laws being given to Hammurabi by God

known as "Lion-Hunt Relief" from Mesopotamia used as propoganda