Introduction to Health Psychology

Question 1

Health psychology

Answer 1

Influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill and how they respond

Question 2

WHO definition of health

Answer 2

Complete state of physical, mental and social well being. Not just the absence of illness

Question 3

Wellness

Answer 3

Optimum state of health

Question 4

Etiology

Answer 4

Origins or causes of illness

Question 5

4 goals of health psych

Answer 5

Health promotion and maintenance
Prevention and treatment of illness
Etiology and correlates of health and illness
Impact of institutions and health professionals

Question 6

Trephination

Answer 6

Drilling holes in skull to release spirits

Question 7

Who were the first to see the role of bodily function in health and illness?

Answer 7

Greeks

Question 8

Humoral Theory

Answer 8

Disease arises when 4 circulatory fluids are out of balance

Question 9

4 humoral fluids

Answer 9

Black bile
Yellow bile
Blood
Phlegm

Question 10

Who proposed humoral theory

Answer 10

Hippocrates

Question 11

Who governed medical knowledge in the middle ages

Answer 11

Church

Question 12

What was the proposed cause of illness in the middle ages

Answer 12

God’s punishment

Question 13

Who proposed mind- body dualism

Answer 13

Descartes

Question 14

Psychoanalytic theory

Answer 14

Unconscious conflicts produce physical disturbances

Question 15

Conversion hysteria

Answer 15

Convert conflict to symptoms through the voluntary nervous system so you become free of the anxiety it would normally produce

Question 16

Dunbar and Alexander

Answer 16

Conflicts produce anxiety which becomes unconscious and takes a physical toll on body via the automatic nervous system

Question 17

Psychosomatic Medicine

Answer 17

Bodily disorders caused by emotional conflicts

Question 18

Eastern view of health

Answer 18

Illness is disharmony between body’s systems. Must restore balance

Question 19

Biomedical model

Answer 19

All illness can be explained by somatic processes

Question 20

6 assumptions of biomedical model

Answer 20

Mental and social factors are independent of disease
Reductionist
Single factor
Mind and body are separate
Focus on illness over health
Cant explain why somatic conditions dont inevitably lead to illness

Question 21

Reductionist

Answer 21

Reduces illness to low level processes

Question 22

Biopsychosocial model

Answer 22

Considers both micro and macro levels

Question 23

Systems Theory

Answer 23

All system levels are linked hierarchically and a change in one level can evoke changes in other levels

Question 24

3 implications for biopsychosocial clinical practice

Answer 24

Diagnosis involves biological, psychological and social
Treatment must involve all 3 factors
Patient/ practitioner relationship is important

Question 25

Acute disorders

Answer 25

Short term illness from virus or bacteria that are hard to cure

Question 26

What are the 3 leading causes of death today

Answer 26

Heart disease Cancer Stroke

Question 27

Epidemiology

Answer 27

Frequency, distribution and causes of diseases in a population

Question 28

Morbidity

Answer 28

Number of existing cases at a given point in time

Question 29

Incidence

Answer 29

Number of new cases

Question 30

Prevelence

Answer 30

Total number of existing cases

Question 31

Mortality

Answer 31

Number of deaths due to a particular cause

Question 32

Lalonde Report

Answer 32

Changing lifestyle and social environments will better impact health than changing healthcare

Question 33

4 components of the Lalonde report

Answer 33

Biology Environment Lifestyle Healthcare organization

Question 34

Epp Report

Answer 34

Health promotion approach. Consideration of social factors

Question 35

Health Promotion Perspective

Answer 35

Health is a resource linked to goals, learning and growing

Question 36

Health promotion definition of health

Answer 36

Capacity of people to adapt, control and respond to challenges and change

Question 37

3 Galen contributions

Answer 37

Greek, learned by dissection Understanding brain and circulatory system Diseases can be localized to certain parts

Question 38

When did medical knowledge come to a halt

Answer 38

Middle ages

Question 39

Who treated the ill in the middle ages

Answer 39

Priests

Question 40

Descartes

Answer 40

Said the body works like a machine

Question 41

What replaced the humoral theory

Answer 41

Cellular pathology

Question 42

Why did mortality rates from acute illness drop?

Answer 42

Prevention and lifestyle changes

Question 43

Percentage of cancer deaths that could be prevented by quitting smoking

Answer 43

25%

Question 44

Primary intervention

Answer 44

Prevent illness before it develops and promote wellness

Question 45

Secondary Intervention

Answer 45

Stop or reverse an illness after it develops

Question 46

Tertiary Intervention

Answer 46

Facilitates coping with a chronic or terminal illness