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Immunology and Serology > Introduction to immuno sero > Flashcards

Introduction to immuno sero Flashcards

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0
Q

Resistance to infectious agents

A

Immunity

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1
Q

Area of biology that concerned with the process by which all living organism defense themselves against infection.
Study of any protection from any invading substances.

A

Immunology

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2
Q

Study of antigens and antibody in vitro.

Study of blood serum

A

Serology

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3
Q

Between hapten and ag with IG

A

Immunochemistry

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4
Q

Development of allergies and theories of complement

A

Immunobiology

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5
Q

Genetic control

A

Immunogenetics

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6
Q

Damage by immune system

A

Immunopathology

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7
Q

Blood banking or blood groups

A

Immunochematology

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8
Q

Main infection: is self/non self discrimination

A

Immune system

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9
Q

Ability of an organism to recognize and defend itself against specific pathogen or antigens; resistance to infectious agents

A

Immunity

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10
Q

Immunity an organism is born with

A

Natural/innate/genetic/non-specific

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11
Q

It function in the early stages of host defenses in response to any foreign substances referred to as antigen

A

Humoral Defenses/Anatomical/Cellular

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12
Q

Examples of autoimmune disease:

A

Multiple sclerosis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Systemic lupos erythematosus
Diabetes juvenile

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13
Q

Mechanical Factors

A

Skin, Mucus, saliva, tears

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14
Q

Chemical Factors

Can give growth to some bacteria

A

Fatty acids in sweat

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15
Q

Chemical factors

Can breakdown cell wall bacteria and destabilize bacterial membranes

A

Lysozymes and phospholipase

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16
Q

Chemical Factors

Prevent growth of bacteria

A

Low pH sweat and gastric secretions

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17
Q

Chemical Factors

Has an antimicrobial property

A

Defensins

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18
Q

Chemical Factor

Acts as opsonins; helps promote phagocytosis

A

Surfactants

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19
Q

Characterized by edema and phagocytic cells. Found in serum and site of infection

A

Humoral barriers to infection

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20
Q

Once activate can lead to increased vascular permeability, recruitment of phagocytic cells, lysis and opsonization of bacteria

A

Complement system

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21
Q

Contribute to the non-specific defenses because of their ability to increase vascular permeability and act as chemotactic agents for phagocytic cells.

A

Coagulation system

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22
Q

By binding iron; these protein limit bacterial growth.

A

Lactoferrin and transferrin

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23
Q

Limit virus replication cells

A

Interferons

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24
Breaks down the cell of bacteria
Lysozyme
25
Cytokines that participate in the regulation of immune responses, inflammatory reactions and hematopoiesis
Interleukin 1 or IL-1
26
T-lymphocyte regulate the growth and differentiation of certain lymphopoietic and haemopoietic cells.
Interleukin -2 and -3 or IL2 and 3
27
Regulates eosinophil growth and activation and thus plays an important role in disease associated with increased levels of eosinophils, including asthma.
Interleukin 5
28
Essential role in the final differentiation of B cells into IG secreting cells, inducing myeloma/plasmacytoma growth, nerve cell differentiation and in hepatocytes, acute-phase reactant, activates resident lymphocytes and vascular endothelia.
Interleukin -6 or BSF-2 or interferon beta 2 or B cells stimulating factor -2
29
Is a cytokine that serves as a growth factor for early lymphoid cells, or both B and T cells lineages. Also helps interleukin 4 and 2
Interleukin 7 and 9
30
Is a protein that inhibits the synthesis of a number of cytokines, produced by activated macrophages and by helper T cells
Interleukin 10
31
Secreted protein that stimulates megakaryocytopoiesis, resulting in increased production of platelets, as well as activating osteoclasts, inhibiting epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis, inhibiting macrophage mediator production.
Interleukin 11
32
Stimulation and maintenance of Th1 cellular immune response, including the normal host defense agains various intracellular pathogens, such as Leishmania, Toxoplasma, Measles virus and HIV 1 Differentiate multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel
Interleukin -12
33
Pleiotropic cytokine that may be important in the regulation of the inflammatory and immune response.
Interleukin -13
34
Is a cytokine that possesses a variety if biological functions, including stimulation and maintenance of cellular immune response.
Interleukin -15
35
Potent proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated memory T cells
Interleukin -17
36
Regulates proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes
Interleukin -20
37
Plays important roles in tumor suppression, wound healing and psoriasis
Interleukin -24
38
Induces production of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-3 which stimulate eosinophil expansion.
Interleukin -25
39
Enhances secretion of IL-10 and IL-8 and cell surface expression of CD 54 on epithelial cells.
Interleukin -26
40
Regulates the activity of B and T lymphocytes
Interleukin -27
41
Plays a role in immune defense against viruses
Interleukin-28
42
Plays a role in host defenses against microbes
Interleukin-29
43
Forms one chain of IL-27
Interleukin -30
44
May play a role in inflammation of the skin
Interleukin-31
45
Induces monocytes and macrophages
Interleukin-32
46
Induces helper T cells to produce type 2 cytokine
Interleukin -33
47
Suppression of t helper cell activation
Interleukin-35(regulatory T cells)
48
Induces chemotaxis in target cells; also induces phagoctyosis; known to be a potent promoter of angiogenesis.
IL-8
49
Polymorphonuclear cells are recruited to the site of infection where they phagocytose invading organisms and kill them intracellularly.
Neutrophils
50
Segmenters; contributes to collateral tissue damage due to inflammation.
Neutrohpils
51
Also function in phagocytosis and intracellular killing of microorganisms. In addition, are capable of extracellular killing of infected or altered self-target cells. Contribute to tissue repair and act as antigen-presenting cells, which are required for the induction of specific immune response.
Macrophage
52
Can nonspecifically kill virus infected and tumor cells. Not part of the inflammatory response seen in tumor-surveillance and virus infected cells.
Natural Killer and lymphokine activated killer
53
Have proteins in granules that are effective in killing certain parasites.
Eosinophils
54
Tissue's reaction to injury
Inflammation
55
Dilation of capillaries and venules so more blood passes to the area of injury
Vascular response
56
Different white blood cells
Cellular response
57
Defense mechanism against invasion by engulfing foreign substances
Phagocytosis
58
Process of phagocytosis
Initiation Chemotaxis Engulfment Digestion
59
Process in which cells tend to move in certain direction under stimulation of chemical substances
Chemotaxis
60
Toward stimulating substances
Positive chemotaxis
61
Away from the stimulating substances
Negative chemotaxis
62
By active ameboid movement
Engulfment
63
Interact with the surface of bacteria
Opsonins
64
Cell becomes degranulated as foreign materials are digested.
Digestion
65
Two actions of macrophage
Through toxic forms of O2 | Use of lysozyme

Immunology and Serology (4 decks)

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