Antimicrobial Protein

Question 0

Example of antimicrobial protein

Answer 0

Lysozyme

Question 1

Proteins that attack microbes or stall reproduction of microbes.

Answer 1

Antimocrobial protein

Question 2

Secreted by virus-infected cells; prevent cell to cell spread.

Answer 2

Interferons

Question 3

Not virus specific

Answer 3

Interferons

Question 4

Neighboring cells are stimulated to produce chemicals that can inhibit viral infection

Answer 4

Interferons

Question 5

A specific type that activated phagocytes; activate macrophage

Answer 5

Interferons

Question 6

Secreted by macrophages

Answer 6

Defensins

Question 7

Third line of defense. There is lag time between exposure and maximal response. Not genetically determined. Affords protection against re-exposure to the same pathogen.

Answer 7

Adaptive/Acquired immunity/Specific defense mechanism

Question 8

Responsible in the defense mechanism. Found in the blood and lymph.

Answer 8

Lymphocytes

Question 9

Activated by cytokines from phagocytes.

Display specificity to epitopes on antigens. Have specific membrane-bound antigen-receptors.

Answer 9

Lymphocytes

Question 10

Two types of lymphocytes.

Answer 10

B- cells

T-cells

Question 11

Mature in marrow

Answer 11

B-cells

Question 12

Mature in thymus.

A.k.a helper/cytotoxic/killer/suppressor/memmory

Answer 12

T-cells

Question 13

Requires some time to react to an invading organism

Answer 13

Adaptive

Question 14

Present and ready to mobilized upon infection

Answer 14

Innate

Question 15

Antigen specific and reacts only with the org that induced the response.

Answer 15

Adaptive

Question 16

Not antigen specific and reacts equally to a variety of organism

Answer 16

Innate

Question 17

Does not demonstrate immunological memoryo

Answer 17

Innate

Question 18

Demonstrates immunological memory

Answer 18

Adaptive

Question 19

Develops upon the exposure to antigen
Through antigen
Obtained in the course of daily life

Answer 19

Naturally Acquired Active Immunity

Question 20

Occurs through vaccination

Answer 20

Artificially Acquired Active Immunity

Question 21

Type of Acquired/Adaptive Immunity that has natural antibodies. No immune response to antigen.

Answer 21

Naturally Acquired Passive Immunity

Question 22

Type of Acquired/Adaptive immunity: injection of antibodies

Answer 22

Artificially Acquired Passive Immunity

Question 23

Adaptive Immunity can be?

Answer 23

Cellular (cell-mediated) and Humoral (antibody-mediated)?

Question 24

Involves B cell activation; production of antibodies in blood plasma and lymph.

Answer 24

Humoral immunity

Question 25

Involves immunoglobulin production by B lymphocytes; complement can be considered

Answer 25

Humoral Immunity

Question 26

Humoral immunity: | Antibodies are produced by?

Answer 26

Lymphocytes; specifically B cells

Question 27

Humoral immunity: | Antibodies are found where?

Answer 27

ECF and surface of B cells

Question 28

Programmed cell death (Falling away)

Answer 28

Apoptosis

Question 29

Many virus infected cell will undergo this to help prevent spread of the infection

Answer 29

Apoptosis

Question 30

Humoral immunity occurs in 3 phases: accomplished by phagocytosis

Answer 30

Antigen elimination

Question 31

Humoral immunity occurs in 3 phases: | After exposure to Ag. IgM is the first to appear.

Answer 31

The primary response

Question 32

Humoral immunity occurs in 3 phases: second or subsequent exposure to the same antigen elicits secondary response. IgG is the predominant.

Answer 32

The secondary response

Question 33

Active against cancer cells; class I mhc. Occurs when antigen displayed by antigen presenting cells activated cytotoxic T cell. Cytotoxic cell can differentiate to memory cells or active cytotoxic t cells.

Answer 33

Cellular Immunity

Question 34

Transplanted tissue. Important in viral and fungal infections and in infections. Involved specialized set of lymphocytes called T cells that recognize foreign antigens in the surface on cells, org or tissues.

Answer 34

Cellular mediated immunity

Question 35

These cells play a role in cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 35

Macrophages, Cytotoxic t cells, Natural Killer cells

Question 36

Chemical messengers of immune cells

Answer 36

Cytokines

Question 37

Communication bet WBCs.

Answer 37

Interleukins

Question 38

Protect against viral infections

Answer 38

Interferons

Question 39

Attract WBCs to infected areas

Answer 39

Chemokines

Question 40

Found on all cells

Answer 40

MHC Class I

Question 41

Found in phagoctyes

Answer 41

MHC Class Ii

Question 42

Inoculation of smallpox

Answer 42

Variolation

Question 43

Inoculation of cowpox

Answer 43

Vaccination

Question 44

When most of population is immune to a disease

Answer 44

Herd immunity

Question 45

Types of vaccines: | It contains weakened microbes that multiply at only low levels, inducing a strong immune response

Answer 45

Live, attenuated vaccines

Question 46

Types of vaccines: | Contain killed pathogens, which induce a weaker immune response.

Answer 46

Inactivated vaccines

Question 47

Types of vaccines: | Contain only those parts of the antigens that stimulate a strong immune response.

Answer 47

Subunit vaccine

Question 48

Types of vaccine that depend on the ability of some cells to: take up and translate foreign DNA. And display the resulting proteins, inducing a strong immune response.

Answer 48

DNA Vaccines

Question 49

Increase efficacy of a vaccine or toxoid by increasing availability of the antigen in the lymphatic system.

Answer 49

Adjuvants

Question 50

Principle Bacterial Vaccines: purified polysaccharide from N.menigitidis

Answer 50

Meningococcal meningitis

Question 51

Principle Bacterial Vaccines: polysaccharides conjugated with protein.

Answer 51

Haemophilus influenza type B meningitis

Question 52

Principle Bacterial Vaccines: S.pneumonia antigens conjugated with protein

Answer 52

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

Question 53

Principal Virus Vaccines: live vaccinia virus

Answer 53

Smallpox

Question 54

Principle virus vaccines: inactivated virus

Answer 54

Poliomyletis; Rabies; Hepa A

Question 55

Principle Virus Vaccines: inactivated or attenuated (nasal) virus

Answer 55

Influenza

Question 56

Principle virus vaccine: attenuated virus

Answer 56

Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Chickenpox

Question 57

Principle virus vaccines: antigenic fragments

Answer 57

Hepa B

Question 58

Content: live, weakened bacteria/virus

Answer 58

Attenuated

Question 59

Killer virus/bacteria

Answer 59

Killed

Question 60

Detoxified toxin

Answer 60

Toxoid

Question 61

Aging of cultures; culture on high temp; passage through another host sp; drying.

Answer 61

Attenuated

Question 62

Heat chemicals (HCHO, phenol and alcohol) Uv radiation/photodynamic inhibition.

Answer 62

Killed

Question 63

Detoxified by adding 0.4% HCHO

Answer 63

Toxoid

Question 64

Long lasting

Answer 64

Attenuated

Question 65

Shorter

Answer 65

Killed

Question 66

Longer and permanent

Answer 66

Toxoid

Question 67

More potent

Answer 67

Attenuated

Question 68

Less potent

Answer 68

Killed

Question 69

Strong

Answer 69

Toxoid

Question 70

Lyophilized form

Answer 70

Attenuated

Question 71

Presented in antiseptics like phenol, merthiolate and alcohol

Answer 71

Killed

Question 72

Fluid forms are precipitated by an alum/Al(OH)3

Answer 72

Toxoid

Question 73

TB, yellow fever, smallpox and polio

Answer 73

Attenuated

Question 74

Whooping cough, typhoid fever, cholera, plague, rabies

Answer 74

Killed

Question 75

Diphtheria, tetanus

Answer 75

Toxoid

Question 76

2 kinds of granules which are involved in antimicrobial properties

Answer 76

Azurophilic granule | Specific granule

Question 77

The process of white blood cells migrating outside of blood vessels. Often caused by trauma.

Answer 77

Diapedesis

Question 78

Cells that are primarily involved in Diapedesis

Answer 78

Neutrophils and cytokines