INTRODUCTION TO WRITING ACROSS DISCIPLINE Flashcards
Writing in the Sciences
OJHR
OBJECTIVITY
JARGON
DEFINITION OF TERMS
HYPOTHESIS
CITATION
- Objective, Jargon, Hypothesis, Research
OJHR
- focus on facts and must not be influenced by personal views
- uses the third-person point of view
• Keep in mind that scientific texts must not include any first or second-person pronouns.
Objectivity
- special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group.
Jargon
- you may define all the jargon you used in this section.
Definition of terms
- an idea or a theory that is not yet proven.
- supported by concrete evidence
• In writing scientific papers, you must collect quantitative information.
Hypothesis
- is critical to scientific writing.
Citation
TYPES OF SCIENTIFIC TEXT
- CASE STUDY
- LABORATORY REPORT
- FIELD REPORT
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD WRITING
• Free of errors in grammar and punctuation.
• Conveys the purpose for writing clearly.
• Develops thoughts and arguments clearly.
• Conforms to writing conventions of its discipline.
• At par with the level of formality required by the text
PURPOSES OF BUSINESS WRITING
• To incite action - readers will act or not act in a certain way
• To elicit a response - gather responses to improve the operations of a business.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS WRITING
• It has a strict format
• It is objective
• It is formal
COMMON WRITING IN BUSINESS
Memorandum
Resume
Letter of request
PURPOSE OF LETTER OF REQUEST
• To persuade or to convince
- is a collective term for the arts, languages, and philosophies.
Humanities
CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMANITIES
• It contains topics or claims that are debatable
• It may cause counterarguments
• It uses abstract nouns and less specific word choice.
• It may have both denotations and connotations.
• It uses first-person and/or third person pronouns
- dictionary meaning of a word
Denotation
- feeling or emotion that a word evokes
Connotation
PURPOSES OF HUMANITIES
• To mediate objects of human culture for its audience
• To convince or persuade
- contains a writer’s opinion
- written by an expert
Critique
- written by reviewers who are not considered experts
Review
APA
APA - American Psychological Association
- used in social sciences
MLA
MLA - Modern Language Association
- used in humanities
- is quoting a passage, book, or author
Citation
- writer encloses the verbatim piece in quotation marks or paraphrases it and cites the source by placing the information inside the parentheses.
- also known as parenthetical citations
In-Text Citations
