Ionic Equibilirum Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is a Bronsted acid?
A Bronsted acid donates a proton.
What is a Bronsted base?
A Bronsted base accepts a proton.
Give examples of Bronsted acids.
Examples include HNO3 and HCl.
Give examples of Bronsted bases.
Examples include NO3 and Cl.
What is a Lewis acid?
A Lewis acid accepts an electron.
What is a Lewis base?
A Lewis base donates an electron.
Give examples of Lewis acids.
Examples include Na, H, and BF3.
Give examples of Lewis bases.
Examples include H2O, Cl, and OH.
What is a limitation of the Lewis acid-base concept?
It does not indicate the strength of acids and bases.
doesn’t prioritize the ionization process of acid and base.
How is a basic buffer prepared?
By using an equimolar solution of a base and its salt with an acid.
How is an acidic buffer prepared?
By using an equimolar solution of an acid and its salt with a base.
What is pH?
pH is the negative log of the concentration of hydrogen ions.
What is pOH?
pOH is the negative log of the concentration of hydroxyl ions.
What is the relationship between pH and pOH?
pH + pOH = 14.
What is the common ion effect?
It is the suppression of the degree of ionization of a weak electrolyte by adding a strong electrolyte with a common ion.
What is the solubility product principle?
It states that if Ksp < Kip, then something precipitates out.
What happens when HCl is added to NaCl?
Precipitation of NaCl occurs.
What happens when NaCl is added to soap?
Precipitation of soap occurs.
What happens when H2S gas is passed in cupric salt and Bi salt?
Precipitation of sulfide ion from group II occurs.
What happens when NH4OH and NH4Cl are added to Mg, Al, Fe, and Ni?
Only Fe and Al precipitate out.
What is the ionization of water?
The product of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions is constant at a given temperature.
What is Ostwald’s dilution law?
It describes the equilibrium between unionized molecules and ions in a solution of a weak electrolyte.
What is the degree of ionization?
It is the ratio of total molecules in a weak electrolyte present as free ions.
