IPV6

Question 1

What is a fully specified IPV6 static route?

Answer 1

when the destination IP, next-hop IP, and interface is specified when creating the next route

Question 2

What is directly attached IPV6 route?

Answer 2

when the destination IP and interface is specified when creating the next route (assumes the connection through that interface is the destination)

Question 3

How to use MAC address to generate a IPV6 address for an interface using EUI-64?

Answer 3

Invert the 7th bit and insert FFFE in the middle

Question 4

Global Unicast IPV6 address

Answer 4

These are public addresses that are routable on the internet. These are assigned by IANA and go from start from 2000 to 3FFFF

Question 5

Unique Local IPV6 address

Answer 5

Used privately (within organizations too) and cannot be routed on the internet. Usually starts with FD

Question 6

What is the purpose of multicast in IPV6?

Answer 6

There is no broadcast in IPV6 to save bandwidth. Multicast is used instead and usually starts with FF00

Question 7

What are the three parts of a IPV6 address?

Answer 7

1. Global ID/Prefix (if assigned)
2. subnet identifier
3. Interface identifier (Host portion)

Question 8

Link-Local IPV6 address

Answer 8

These are automatically generated on interfaces using EUI-64. They are only used within a local subnet and cannot be routed. Starts with FE8

Question 9

multicast scopes: interface-local

Answer 9

starts with FF01. Sends traffic within device

Question 10

multicast scopes: Link-local

Answer 10

Starts with FF02. Sends traffic to devices within a local subnet

Question 11

multicast scopes: site-local

Answer 11

Starts with FF05. routed between routers but only in one physical site

Question 12

multicast scopes: organization-local

Answer 12

STarts with FF08. Similar to site-local but wider in scope

Question 13

multicast scopes: Global-local

Answer 13

starts with FF0E. no limits and can be routed to the internet

Question 14

Anycast

Answer 14

New feature of IPV6, multiple routers can have the same address and traffic will be routed to the closest router with that address

Question 15

IPV6 Header

Answer 15

1. Version
2. Traffic class - QoS
3. Flow label - identifies specific traffic flows
4. Payload length - length in bytes
5. hop limit -ttl
6. Source Address
7. Destination Address

Question 16

NDP

Answer 16

Neighbour Discovery Protocol, equivalent of ARP for ipv4 and is used for neighbour discovery and auto detection of routers in a network

Question 17

How does MAC discovery work with NDP>

Answer 17

Router Soliticitation can be sent to all routers (via FF02::2) to identify

Router Advertisement is sent (via FF02::1) from a router containing info about itself. Sent in response to solicitation but periodically sends itself

Question 18

SLAAC

Answer 18

Stateless Address Auto-configuration, the router uses RS/RAs to learn the IPv6 prefix of the local link and generate an ipv6 address

Question 19

Duplicate Address Detection

Answer 19

Detects if hosts are using the same IPv6 address via RS/RA. This is done by sending a RS to its own address and if gets a reply, there’s a dupe