Flashcards in Islam Deck (36):
1
Salat
Praying five times a day
2
Sawm
Fasting during Ramadan
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Hajj
Pilgrimage to Makkah during Ramadan
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Zakat
Giving 2.5% of their income to charity
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Shahadah
The declaration of faith
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Sunni Islam
The largest denomination of Islam. They don’t believe that Muhammad clearly designated a successor
7
Shia Islam
Another branch of Islam. They believe that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor
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Time of prayer - fajr
Just before sunrise
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Time of prayer - zuhr
Just after midday
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Time of prayer - asr
Afternoon
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Time of prayer - Maghrib
Just after sunset
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Time of prayer - isha
Night
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Preparing for prayer
1. Ritual washing called wudu
2. A mosque has two wash rooms; make and female
3. Washing is usually done under running water
14
Sawm in a Muslim country - benefits
1. Everyone is doing it so you would feel more comfortable
2. Would get time off for it
3. Receive support from others
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Sawm in a Muslim country - drawbacks
1. longer daylight hours (near the equator)
2. Might feel forced into it
3. Less space in the mosque to pray
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Sawm in the Uk - drawbacks
1. People could distract you or have a bad influence on you
2. Feel uncomfortable as there are less people fasting with you
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Salah
The sequence of movements in the ritual prayer are know as Rakah
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Rakah - 1
Recite the first chapter of the qur’an while standing
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Rakah - 2
Bowing, repeat “glory be to my lord who is the very greatest” three times in Arabic
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Rakah - 3
Standing, recite a praising to God
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Rakah - 4
Prostration: kneel with their foreheads, hands, nose, knees, toes touching the floor and recite “how perfect is my lord most high”
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Rakah - 5
Sit while reciting “god is the greatest”, pause for a few seconds, return to prostration while reciting “god is the greatest”
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Rakah - 6
Du’a (personal prayers) may be added onto the end
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Hajj 1 - entering a state of Irham
They wash pray and put on certain clothing. Men: two white sheets of cloth wrapped around them. Women: one colour and cover everything but their face
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Hajj 2 - circling the Kaaba
Circle the Kaaba seven times anti clockwise. They touch or raise their hand to the stone. While circling they recite “here I am, oh lord, at your service. Praise and blessings to you”
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Hajj 3 - travelling to Arafat
Walk along a covered walkway linking the hills Safa and Marwah. After seven circuits they go back to the Kaaba and collect bottles of water from the well of zamzam before a 13 mile walk to Arafat. They will stop halfway at Mina for the night where they pray and read the qur’an
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Hajj 4 - standing at Arafat
At dawn on the 9th day they walk from Mina to Arafat and spend the afternoon praying there. They stand in the heat of the sun all day as a reminder if what judgement day will be like. It is said that God will forgive the sins of anybody who completes this
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Hajj 5 - throwing pebbles at Mina
At the end of the day they walk to Muzdalifali and collect 49 pebbles. At Mina people throw these pebbles at three stone walls that represent the devil and temptation to prove they reject evil. Some sacrifice an animal too. Men shave their heads and women cut off a lock of their hair.
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Hajj 6 - returning to Mekkah
They return to the Kaaba and checked it another seven times. They then spend two more nights in Mina to remember god and reflect on his blessings before Hajj ends
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Qur’an 3:97
“Pilgrimage to the house is a duty owed to god by people who are able to undertake it”
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Qur’an 2:158
“Safa and Marwa are amoung the rites of god, so far those who make minor or major pilgrimage to the house it is no offence to circulate between the two”
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Qur’an 6:153
Explains that God has given us a path and a purpose to follow and that’s what we should do so that we don’t do wrong or bad things
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Qur’an 2:218
Says that if you commit a sin or do something wrong, god may forgive you as he is a very forgiving person, so long as you thought you were doing the right thing, doing it for god
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Greater jihad
The inward struggle of following the five pillars of Islam set by God - avoiding temptations
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Lesser jihad
The outward struggle of defending their faith from attack, sometimes through holy war
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