Issues And Debates

Question 1

What is the nature-nurture debate in psychology?

Answer 1

The nature-nurture debate concerns whether human behavior is determined by genetics (nature) or environment and experiences (nurture).

Question 2

True or False: The biological approach emphasizes the role of environment in shaping behavior.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What is reductionism in psychology?

Answer 3

Reductionism is the approach of analyzing complex behaviors by breaking them down into simpler components.

Question 4

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a limitation of the idiographic approach? A) Focus on individual cases B) Lack of generalizability C) Emphasis on qualitative data D) None of the above

Answer 4

B) Lack of generalizability

Question 5

What is the difference between nomothetic and idiographic approaches?

Answer 5

Nomothetic approaches seek to establish general laws of behavior, while idiographic approaches focus on the individual and unique experiences.

Question 6

True or False: Ethics in psychological research only concerns the treatment of participants.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What is the ethical principle of informed consent?

Answer 7

Informed consent requires that participants are fully aware of the nature of the research and agree to participate voluntarily.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: __________ refers to the extent to which research findings can be generalized to real-world settings.

Answer 8

Ecological validity

Question 9

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of qualitative research? A) Focus on numerical data B) In-depth understanding of behavior C) Subjective interpretation D) Thematic analysis

Answer 9

A) Focus on numerical data

Question 10

Define the term ‘cultural relativism’ in psychology.

Answer 10

Cultural relativism is the viewpoint that psychological practices and beliefs should be understood in the context of the culture they originate from.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: __________ bias occurs when researchers influence the results of their study based on their expectations.

Answer 11

Researcher

Question 12

What does the term ‘psychological determinism’ imply?

Answer 12

Psychological determinism suggests that all behavior is determined by preceding factors, leaving no room for free will.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which ethical guideline emphasizes the need to protect participants from harm? A) Confidentiality B) Debriefing C) Protection from harm D) Informed consent

Answer 13

C) Protection from harm

Question 14

True or False: Gender bias in psychology refers only to the representation of women in research.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What is meant by ‘andocentrism’ in psychological research?

Answer 15

Andocentrism refers to the practice of placing male perspectives at the center of psychological research and theory.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: __________ validity refers to the extent to which a study measures what it claims to measure.

Answer 16

Construct

Question 17

What is the purpose of debriefing in psychological research?

Answer 17

Debriefing is conducted to inform participants about the study’s purpose and to address any potential misconceptions or distress.

Question 18

Multiple Choice: Which term describes the tendency to favor one’s own culture over others? A) Cultural relativism B) Ethnocentrism C) Cultural pluralism D) Cultural diffusion

Answer 18

B) Ethnocentrism

Question 19

True or False: The humanistic approach is deterministic in nature.

Answer 19

False