Issues and Debates

Question 1

Taylor(2000)

Answer 1

Beta bias
fight/flight
females produce oxytocin = tend and befriend

Question 2

Rosenthal

Answer 2

male experimenters more friendly to female ppts, male do worse

Question 3

Eagly and Johnson

Answer 3

meta-analysis in real settings women and men are similar in leadership

Question 4

Loring and Powell

Answer 4

56% psychologists diagnosed schizophrenia male/ no gender vs 20% female

Question 5

Longenecker

Answer 5

men diagnosed more than women with schizophrenia as women function better

Question 6

Cornwell et al

Answer 6

solution gender bias
females better at learning, as more attentive and organised,
values and shows positive attributes of women

Question 7

Berry

Answer 7

imposed etic usually happens when theories come from an emic approach

Question 8

Copeland

Answer 8

69% US psychiatrists diagnose schizophrenia DSM vs 2% British ICD

Question 9

Roberts

Answer 9

adolescents with strong belief in determinism at greater risk of depression

Question 10

Soon et al

Answer 10

brain activity determines choice before knowledge of making choice
ppts presented a button brain decides which hand to use seconds before acknowledging action

Question 11

Bandura

Answer 11

interactionist soft determinism
environmental factors are key but have free will to choose behaviour

Question 12

Plomin et al

Answer 12

nature effects nurture
child that is genetically aggressive provokes aggression in others, affecting development

Question 13

Scarr and McCartney

Answer 13

nature effect nurture
children growing seek experiences that suit their genes

Question 14

Maguire et al

Answer 14

nurture affect nature
london taxi drivers more volume grey matter in posterior hippocampus than control

Question 15

Wolpe

Answer 15

systematic desensitisation to cure woman phobia insects
husband had insect name - marital problems

Question 16

Allport

Answer 16

for idiographic
only by knowing person as individual can we predict behaviour
eg knowing 1% lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia gives no insight into schizophrenic people

Question 17

Bem

Answer 17

idiographic + nomothetic
androgony scale establish general laws on gender development alongside case studies

Question 18

Stanley and Sieber

Answer 18

concerns of socially sensitive research
implications - prejudice
uses/ public policy - Bowlby used to make free childcare under 5s uk
validity - burt much of data used for 11+ made up
phrasing may influence interpretations

Question 19

Scarr

Answer 19

benefits socially sensitive research
studies of unrepresented people encourages acceptance and promotes understanding

Question 20

Kitzinger and Coyle

Answer 20

phrasing research
research into ‘alternative relationships’ led to heterosexual bias due to comparing homosexual couples to heterosexual couples