IV Therapy

Question 1

Intravenous

Answer 1

within the vein

Question 2

IV therapy

Answer 2

infusion of liquid substance directly into the vein

Question 3

Drip

Answer 3

IV commonly called a “drip” due to drip chamber that prevents air from entering vein

Question 4

Venipuncture

Answer 4

a technique in which vein is puncture by needle thru the skin

Question 5

Purposes of IV therapy

Answer 5

maintain or replace body’s store of water,electrolytes,proteins,calories,nitrogen
Restore acid-base balance
Replenish blood volume
Medication administration
Provide route for maintaining nutritional status

Question 6

Kidneys

Answer 6

maintain fluid composition by controlling amt of fluid

made and released/adrenal glands release aldosterone which is directly influences sodium levels

Question 7

Lungs

Answer 7

Two biggest culprits for insensible fluid loss through respirations

Question 8

Skin

Answer 8

Loss thru perspiration

Question 9

Pituitary gland

Answer 9

releases anti diuretic hormone (prevents dieresis by increasing the reabsorption of water

Question 10

Pure water is ___________

Answer 10

hypontonic

Question 11

Why is osmolality important to understand?

Answer 11

This is the concentration of the solution
the body’s electrolyte-water balance
the number of dissolved particles contained in unit of water

Question 12

Normal serum osmolality

Answer 12

275-300 mOsm/kg

Question 13

Types of IV fluids

Answer 13

Crystalloids
Colloid
Blood products

Question 14

Crystalloids

Answer 14

can cross membrane
hypotonic
hypertonic
isotonic

Question 15

Colloid

Answer 15

can not cross membrane

plasma expanders

Question 16

Blood products

Answer 16

Packed RBC
FFP
Albumin
whole blood
Platelets

Question 17

Lactated Ringer’s (LR)

Answer 17

breaks down to CO3 making solution more alkaline. use caution w/ heart disease, liver falure, renal failure

Question 18

D5W

Answer 18

Contains no sodium. Has 50g of glucose

Question 19

Isotonic

Answer 19

0.9% NaCl (normal saline)
Lactated Ringer’s (LR)
D5W

Question 20

Hypotonic

Answer 20

0.45% NaCl (1/2 NS)
0.33% NaCl (1/3 NS)
A lesser concentration of solutes than is surroundings attempts to balance concentrations

Question 21

Hypertonic

Answer 21

A higher concentration of solutes on the outside of cell
3% NaCl
5% NaCl
5% destrose in 0.45% NaCl
10% dextrose in water

Question 22

Types of IVs

Answer 22

Central line placement
Peripherally inserted central line
Cutdown

Question 23

Peripheral line vein sites

Answer 23

Digital-fingers
Metacarpal veins-hands
Cephalic-forearm
Basilic-backside of forearm
Internal &external jugular
Legs

Question 24

Veins

Answer 24

carry unoxygenated blood to heart (dark red)
have valves
can collapse
located in surgace
do not pulsate

Question 25

Arteries

Answer 25

Carry oxygenated blood away from heart to rest of body (bright red)
do not have valves
do not collapse
located deep in tissue
pulsate

Question 26

Size of catheter

Answer 26

based on iv access
use smaller than vein to reduce trauma, allow blood to flow freely, and to allow dilution of fluids
smaller gauge larger lumen