IV Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Intravenous

A

within the vein

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2
Q

IV therapy

A

infusion of liquid substance directly into the vein

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3
Q

Drip

A

IV commonly called a “drip” due to drip chamber that prevents air from entering vein

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4
Q

Venipuncture

A

a technique in which vein is puncture by needle thru the skin

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5
Q

Purposes of IV therapy

A

maintain or replace body’s store of water,electrolytes,proteins,calories,nitrogen
Restore acid-base balance
Replenish blood volume
Medication administration
Provide route for maintaining nutritional status

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6
Q

Kidneys

A

maintain fluid composition by controlling amt of fluid

made and released/adrenal glands release aldosterone which is directly influences sodium levels

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7
Q

Lungs

A

Two biggest culprits for insensible fluid loss through respirations

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8
Q

Skin

A

Loss thru perspiration

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9
Q

Pituitary gland

A

releases anti diuretic hormone (prevents dieresis by increasing the reabsorption of water

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10
Q

Pure water is ___________

A

hypontonic

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11
Q

Why is osmolality important to understand?

A

This is the concentration of the solution
the body’s electrolyte-water balance
the number of dissolved particles contained in unit of water

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12
Q

Normal serum osmolality

A

275-300 mOsm/kg

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13
Q

Types of IV fluids

A

Crystalloids
Colloid
Blood products

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14
Q

Crystalloids

A

can cross membrane
hypotonic
hypertonic
isotonic

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15
Q

Colloid

A

can not cross membrane

plasma expanders

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16
Q

Blood products

A
Packed RBC
FFP
Albumin
whole blood
Platelets
17
Q

Lactated Ringer’s (LR)

A

breaks down to CO3 making solution more alkaline. use caution w/ heart disease, liver falure, renal failure

18
Q

D5W

A

Contains no sodium. Has 50g of glucose

19
Q

Isotonic

A

0.9% NaCl (normal saline)
Lactated Ringer’s (LR)
D5W

20
Q

Hypotonic

A

0.45% NaCl (1/2 NS)
0.33% NaCl (1/3 NS)
A lesser concentration of solutes than is surroundings attempts to balance concentrations

21
Q

Hypertonic

A
A higher concentration of solutes on the outside of cell
3% NaCl
5% NaCl
5% destrose in 0.45% NaCl
10% dextrose in water
22
Q

Types of IVs

A

Central line placement
Peripherally inserted central line
Cutdown

23
Q

Peripheral line vein sites

A
Digital-fingers
Metacarpal veins-hands
Cephalic-forearm
Basilic-backside of forearm
Internal &external jugular
Legs
24
Q

Veins

A
carry unoxygenated blood to heart (dark red)
have valves
can collapse
located in surgace
do not pulsate
25
Q

Arteries

A
Carry oxygenated blood away from heart to rest of body (bright red)
do not have valves
do not collapse
located deep in tissue
pulsate
26
Q

Size of catheter

A

based on iv access
use smaller than vein to reduce trauma, allow blood to flow freely, and to allow dilution of fluids
smaller gauge larger lumen