January mock figures paper 1 Flashcards
(121 cards)
1
Q
biggest interregional flows of migrants
A
5million s to w asia
3 million Central America to north america
10 million to Europe
2
Q
biggest intraregional flows of migrants
A
4million within sub saharan africa
1 million within south asia
1.5 million within south east asia
3
Q
usa and tonga % of remittances for GDP
A
0.1% usa
38% Tonga
4
Q
what % of spending in opole region comes from remittances
A
25%
5
Q
immigration contributes how much to UK economy
A
£25 billion
6
Q
malawi people per doctor
A
1 doctor per 40,000 poeple
7
Q
migrant stock among ASEAN members
A
6.5m in 2015
8
Q
s-s vs s-n flows of migrants
A
S-S: 36% of migrants (83m)
S-N: 35% of migrants (82m)
9
Q
fraction of remittances sent along S-S flows
A
2/3
10
Q
worlds 3rd largest bilateral flow of migrants
A
S-S
Bangladesh-India
3.3m migrants
11
Q
eg of conflict increasing S-S flows
A
2.3m from Afghanistan to pakistan
12
Q
burkina faso and Ivory Coast stats
A
1m BF citizens in IF
250k IF citizens in BF
13
Q
when was White Australia Policy
A
1970s
14
Q
when was operation sovereign borders established
A
2013
15
Q
number of Pakistanis working abroad
percentage in gulf
remittances value
A
7 million
96%
$11.5b in 2013 (5th in world)
16
Q
% of women migrants
A
> 50% in in 2016 for first time
70% or 80% in ome countries
17
Q
greek women migrants 2016
A
doubled from 11% to 22%
18
Q
% of migrants working in education and health in Middle East
A
2.6% education
3.6% health
19
Q
number of refugees globally
A
15.7m in 2012
26m in 2019
20
Q
% of refugees in global south
A
85%
21
Q
syria civil war refugee stats
A
march 2011 began
6.6m IDPs
5.6m international refugees (900,000 to Lebanon(2015 visa required), 3.6m to turkey)
22
Q
Nigeria oil stats
A
Africas leading oil exporter
8th biggest oil exporter in world
accounts for 8% of US oil imports
23
Q
brexit covid vaccines stats
A
40% vaxxed UK
14% EU
24
Q
brexit economy growth vs eu
A
GDP grew 3.8% since referendum
EU’s grew 8.5%
25
brexit fall in exports
14% fall in exports to EU in 2021
26
Basque region population
terrorist attacks
3.1 million
up to 2011
27
kurdistan population
independence vote
7.8 million
93% voted for independence in 2017
28
ukraine % ehtnicities
77% ukrainian
17% russian
29
ukraine years of demonstrations
orange revolution 2004
euromaidan 2013
30
ukraine gained independence when
1991
31
when was Crimea annexed
2014
32
Crimea Russian stats
60% ethnically russian
50% speak Russian as native language
33
ukraine conflict deaths stats
7000 deaths
13900 injured
298 plane
34
ukraine evacuation stats
1.5m of 5m inhabitants of Lugansk and Donetsk regions are IDPs from Crimea
600,000 internationally emigrated
35
partition of India when
1947
36
Indus water treaty when
1960
37
division of Indus tributaries
indus + 2W = pakistans (80MAF)
3E tributaries = indias (33MAF)
38
% of indus inputs used for human usages
60%
39
kishanganga % flow reduced
leaves Pakistan w 27% lesss flow than natural
40
veto UN examples
Russia 117 times esp, Georgia Ukraine syria
UK France USA during USA's invasion of Panama
41
when did Finland join NATO
2023
42
EU russia sanctions
2014 econ sanctions following Crimea annexation
43
when did south Sudan gain independence
2011 following civil war
44
South Sudan conflict deaths and displaced numbers
50,000 dead
3.9m displaced
45
UNMISS figures
2011 started
16000 troops
2000 police (large scale)
unsuccessful bc 2012 violencwe
46
PoC camps figures
2013: 6 PoC camps built for 220,000 IDPs
47
old South Sudan peace treaty dates
2015 one violated in 2016
48
new South Sudan peace treaty police numbers
50,000
49
GESS funded how much by UK gov
how many children educated
£100 million
500,000 children in 4000 schools
50
South Sudan famine figures
2017
Over 7.1 million people – half the country's population - are facing extreme and deadly hunger.
51
Mali independence form France
1960
52
tuareg insurgence dates
grew from 1990 onwards
2007: sped up fuelled by Libyan civil war and islamist groups supplying arms
53
when did Tuareg gain control over azawad
2012
54
growth in economy of Mali since end of conflict
GDP recovered to pre-conflict level of $495 in 2015
1ary/3ary sectors have grown by 6-7% since 2014
55
when was Mali peace accord
2015
56
life expectancy increase in Mali since 2015
55 to 57 years
57
MINUSMA number of military
9000
58
un peacekeepers death toll in Mali
100 died since 2013
59
French troops in mali
5100
60
world bank investment in Mali job training and education
$63 million
61
access to health clinics in urban vs rural Mali
89% vs 48%
62
emigration from Brazil to Portugal
140,000 in 2013
63
emigration form Brazil to USA
370,000
64
emigration from Brazil to Japan
370,000
65
immigration from portugal to brazil
140,000
66
immigration form Japan to Brazil
50,000
188,000 between 1908 and 1941
67
immigration from Haiti to brazil
135,000 immigrants in Brazil in 2020
increased from 1700 in 2010 to 11000 in 2013
68
Brazil economic connections caused by migration: companies in Brazil
>450 Japanese companies in Brazil
69
Brazil value of migrant remittances in 2020
$3.8b (0.25% of GDP)
70
laos vs Thailand daily wages
3x higher in thailand
71
laos migrants per 1000 of population
1.1 migrants per 1000 population in 2014
72
laos emigration numbers
930,000 to thailand
200,000 to USA
73
immigrants to laos
10,000 from vietnam
74
laos population structure
1/3 below 15 years old
75
laos value of migrant remittances
$435m
8% of GDP
76
laos % below poverty line
22%
77
laos % employed in agriculture
73%
78
laos human trafficking victims numbers
from 2001 to 2011, >1500 victims
79
what % of USA immigrants are Mexicans
28%
80
number of Mexicans migrating to USA in 2013
870,000
81
green card visas per year
family reunification visas per year
140,000
480,000
82
how many Mexicans in USA and how many Americans in mexico
11.5m M in USA
1m USA in M
(2013)
83
remittances from USA to Mexico
$22b in 2013 (2% of GDP)
84
NAFTA trade deal led to how much reciprocal merchandise per day between USA and Mexico
$1.4b daily
85
in 2013, what % of Mexicans in Usa work in services, and what % in nat resources, construction and manufacturing
31% ins Services
25% in nat resources, construction and manufacturing
86
residence time for carbon held in rocks
150m years
87
how long is carbon stored for in fast carbon cycle
350 years
88
rate of transfer fast vs slow carbon cycle
10-1000x faster in fast cycle
89
% of carbon stored in each store
0.5% in atmosphere
27% in oceans
70% as fossil fuels/in sedimentary rocks
1.5% in biomass
90
where does 50% of carbon fixation by photosynthesis take place
in the oceans (50GT of carbon is drawn from the atmosphere by the biological pump every year)
91
% of global water stored in oceans , and in polar ice/glaciers
97%
2%
92
amazon temperature
27C all year round (no seasonal variation)
93
amazon precipitation rate
2500mm/year
lowest monthly = 60mm (driER but not dry season)
94
how much of amazon precipitation is recycled by evapotranspiration
50-60%
95
carbon storage per hectare in TRF, grassland and soya plantation
TRF: 400 tonnes
grassland: 16.2 tonnes (25x less)
soya plantation: 2.7 tonnes (150x less)
96
amazon NPP
2500g/m2/year
97
% of deforestation in amazon for cattle ranching
how much carbon released by this
80%
340 million tonnes CO2 per year
98
how much of rainforest carbon is stored in biomass
60%
99
carbon stored per hectare in soil of TRF
90-200 tonnes
100
when did madeira river flood
increased discharge?
no of deaths?
April 2014
river reached record levels of 19.68m above normal
60 deaths
101
deforestation increases runoff by a factor of what
27
102
impact of TRF deforestation on regional precipitation?
20% decline
103
how many tonnes of carbon locked in Amazon
100 billion
104
how many tonnes of CO2 does amazon absorb per year
2.4b tonnes
releases 1.7b tonnes through decomposition
105
temperature range in tundra
-28C to 4C (negative for 9 months)
106
precipitation annually in tundra
50-350mm annually (majority falls as snow)
majority falls in 3-4month summer when temp >0C
107
NPP in tundra
200g/m2/year
108
carbon stored per hectare in tundra
1600GT per hectare (5/6 of this is in the soil)
only 4-30 tonnes in biomass
109
estimated losses of CO2 and CH4 from permafrost
7 to 40m tonnes CO2
24000 to 114000 tonnes CH4
110
arctic warms how much faster than anywhere else in the world
3 times
111
co2 released from fossil fuel combustion
10b tonnes per year
112
fossil fuel has increased atmospheric ppm by how much
280 to 400 ppm
113
phytoplankton transfer how much C from atmosphere to deep ocean per year
10GT
114
London water table fell how much in 1965 due to over exploitation
90m
115
in a glacial, how much does sea level fall
by 100-130m
116
in a glacial, how much of continental land mass is covered by ice
1/3
117
how much of global energy consumption is fossil fuels
87%
118
china afforestation stats
1978
400,000km2 of trees by 2050
119
when was Kyoto protocol
1997-2012
120
wetlands occupy how much of earth's land surface
contain how much of terrestrial carbon pool
6-9%
35%
121
