joint classification Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is Synarthrosis?
A form of joint where bony elements are united by continuously intervening fibrous or cartilaginous tissue, making them immobile.
Define Synchondrosis.
A type of cartilaginous joint in which cartilage is usually converted into bone before or during early adult life and serves to allow growth.
What is Syndesmosis?
A joint where bones are united by fibrous connective tissue forming an interosseus membrane or ligament that shows a modest amount of movement.
What does Synostosis refer to?
The normal or abnormal union of two bones by osseous material.
What type of joint is characterized by bones connected by a ligament?
Fibrous joint (Syndesmosis).
What is Gomphosis?
A fibrous joint where teeth are secured in the mandible and maxilla by the periodontal ligament.
What is a Cartilaginous joint?
A joint where bones are connected by a cartilage bridge, such as the physis in long bones.
What type of joint is the pelvic symphysis?
Fibrocartilaginous joint.
What defines a Diarthrosis joint?
A freely movable joint between two or multiple bones.
List the characteristics of a Diarthrosis joint.
- A joint cavity with synovial fluid
- Hyaline cartilage covered bone ends
- A joint capsule consisting of an outer fibrous and inner synovial membrane
- Intra-articular and/or extra-articular ligaments.
What are Plane/Gliding joints?
Joints where the articular surfaces are essentially flat and slide across another, with restricted movement.
What is an example of a Ball and Socket joint?
The hip joint or the shoulder joint.
What is the function of a Hinge joint?
Allows movement only in one direction, similar to the hinges of a door.
What is a Pivot joint?
A joint that permits rotation, such as the atlanto-axial joint.
What is a Saddle joint?
A joint that fits together like a rider in a saddle, with concave-convex articular surfaces.
Describe Condylar/Elipsoidal joints.
Joints where the two opposing condyles do not fit snugly and require additional measures like menisci for congruency.
What distinguishes Simple joints from Composite joints?
Simple joints involve only two bones, while composite joints involve more than one bone.
What are congruent joints?
Joints that fit snugly over most of the two opposing articular surfaces.
Define incongruent joints.
Joints that do not fit snugly, such as femero-tibial and TMJ joints.
What is a Monaxial/Uniaxial joint?
A joint that allows movement around one axis.
What type of joint is the atlanto-occipital joint?
Ellipsoidal joint.
What type of joint is the TMJ?
Condylar joint.
What is the structural composition of vertebral bodies?
Fibrocartilaginous, consisting of an inner nucleus pulposus and outer annulus fibrosis.
What type of joint is the shoulder?
Ball and socket joint.
