Joint health and pathology

Question 1

Dislocation

Answer 1

Bones forced out of normal positions (jaw is most commonly dislocated)

Question 2

Sprain

Answer 2

Ligaments are stretched/torn

Question 3

Why does a sprain take so long to heal?

Answer 3

Poor blood supply

Question 4

Cartilage injury

Answer 4

Has no blood supply, heals even slower

Question 5

Joint stability

Answer 5

Resistance to dislocation

Question 6

What are the factors that promote stability?

Answer 6

Articular surface with fewer axes of movement, ligaments, muscles

Question 7

Where is a place in the body where the articular surface has fewer axes of movement and promotes stability?

Answer 7

Elbow (more stable than the shoulder)

Question 8

Where is a place in the body where ligaments promote stability?

Answer 8

Knee, wrist

Question 9

Where is a place in the body where muscles promote stability?

Answer 9

Shoulder (rotator cuff = four tendons wrapped close around joint capsule)

Question 10

Arthritis

Answer 10

Inflammatory or degenerative joint disease

Question 11

Osteoarthritis

Answer 11

“Wear and tear” = from normal aging, occurs mostly in elderly people

Question 12

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 12

Autoimmune disease, begins with inflammation of synovial membrane

Question 13

Gouty arthritis (gout)

Answer 13

Caused by excess uric acid retention (deposited in synovial membranes)