Joint Lower Limb Flashcards
(30 cards)
What type of joint is the hip joint?
Synovial, Ball & Socket
Name one ligament of the hip joint.
Iliofemoral ligament
Which muscles are responsible for hip flexion?
Iliopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius, pectineus
What is the primary arterial supply to the hip joint?
Medial circumflex femoral artery
What type of joint is the knee joint?
Synovial, modified hinge
What ligament prevents hyperextension of the knee?
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
What is the shape of the medial meniscus?
C-shaped
Which muscles are involved in knee flexion?
Hamstrings, gastrocnemius, sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus
What type of joint is the ankle joint?
Synovial, Hinge joint
What are the movements of the ankle joint?
Dorsi-flexion and plantar flexion
Name one congenital anomaly of the limbs.
Amelia
What is phocomelia?
A form of meromelia where extremities resemble those of a seal.
What is the function of the diaphragm?
It separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
What is syndactyly?
Fusion of digits
What is the role of the medial circumflex femoral artery?
It supplies most of the blood to the hip joint.
What is the function of the posterior cruciate ligament?
It prevents hyperflexion of the knee and posterior dislocation of the tibia during flexion.
What type of joint is the talo-calcanean joint?
Synovial joint, plane variety.
Which muscles are responsible for foot inversion?
Tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior.
What is brachydactyly?
Short digits.
What is a Morgagni hernia?
A type of hernia at the sternal–costal junction.
What does the term ‘meromelia’ refer to?
Absence of part of a limb.
What is the primary function of the menisci in the knee joint?
To increase the concavity of the articular surface and act as shock absorbers.
Name a muscle involved in lateral rotation of the hip.
Gluteus maximus.
What is the role of the flexor retinaculum?
It holds the tendons of the posterior compartment muscles in place.
