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Anatomy 1 > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the weakest parts of the skeleton?

A

Joints (articulations)

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2
Q

Articulation/Joints

A

site where two or more bones meet

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3
Q

Functions of a Joint

A

Give skeleton mobility

Hold the skeleton together

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4
Q

What joints classified by?

A

Structure

Function

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5
Q

Structural Classification of Joints

A

focuses on the material binding bones together and whether or not a joint cavity is present

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6
Q

3 structural classifications of joints

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

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7
Q

Fibrous Structural Class of Jts

A

united by collagen fibers

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8
Q

cartilaginous structure joints

A

united by cartilage

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9
Q

Synovial joints

A

covered with cartilage; enclosed within capsule

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10
Q

Functional Classification of Joints

A

is based on amount of movement by the joint

Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses

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11
Q

Synarthroses

A

immovable (cartilaginous) function

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12
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

slightly movable

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13
Q

Diarthroses

A

freely movable (synovial) function

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14
Q

Bones are joined by?

A

fibrous tissues

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15
Q

In fibrous structural joints, there is no?

A

Joint cavity

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16
Q

Most fibrous structural joints are?

A

immovable

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17
Q

There are three types of fibrous structural its, what are they?

A

sutures
syndesmoses
gomphoses

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18
Q

Sutures occur between what?

A

bones of the skull

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19
Q

Sutures are comprised of?

A

interlocking junctions completely filled with connective tissue fibers

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20
Q

sutures bind

A

tightly together, but allow for growth during youth

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21
Q

syndesmoses

A

bones are connected by a fibrous tissue ligament

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22
Q

syndesmoses movement?

A

varies from immovable to slightly

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23
Q

Example of syndesmoses

A

connection between the tibia&fibula and ulna&radius

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24
Q

Gomphoses socket type

A

Peg-in-socket fibrous jt between a tooth and its alveolar socket

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25
Gomphoses fibrous connection
is the periodontal ligament
26
Cartilaginous joints are
articulating bones united by cartilage
27
Cartilaginous joints lack what?
a joint cavity
28
Two types of cartilaginous joints?
synchondroses | symphyses
29
Synchondroses
a bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites the bones
30
All synchondroses are?
synarthrotic (lil to no movement)
31
Epiphyseal plates of children is an example of?
synchondroses
32
Jonts between the costal cartilage of the first rib and sternum is example of?
synchondroses
33
Symphyses
Hyaline cartilage covers the articulating surface of the bone and is used to an intervening pad of fibrocartilage
34
intervertabral joints and pubic symphysis of pelvis is an example of ?
symphyses
35
Synovial Joints
Those joints in which the articulating bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity
36
Synovial joints function
all are freely movable | diarthroses
37
all limb joints, and most joints of the body are examples of?
synovial joints
38
5 parts of synovial joints
1) Articular cartilage (hyaline) 2) Joint (synovial) cavity 3) Articular capsule 4) Synovial fluid 5) Reinforcing ligaments
39
Articular capsule and ligament have?
Many nerve endings Blood vessels that allow synovial fluid Fatty pads between fibrous capsule
40
Disc/wedge (menisci) improves what in synovial joint?
BONE FIT
41
Bursae
flattened, fibrous sacs lined with synovial membranes and containing synovial fluid
42
Bursae is not?
part of joint
43
Where are Bursae common?
where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together
44
Tendon sheath
elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon
45
Synovial joints stability determined by?
Articular surfaces ligaments muscle tone
46
Articular surfaces stability
shape determines what movements are possible
47
Ligaments
unite bones and prevent excessive or undesirable motion at 6%
48
Muscle tone is accomplished how?
muscle tendons across joints acting as stabilizing factors
49
Tendons in muscle tone?
kept tight at all times by muscle tone (shoulder jt)
50
The two muscle attachments across a joint are?
origin | insertion
51
origin
attachment to the immovable bone
52
insertion
attachment to the movable bone
53
During contraction, what happens?
insertion moves towards the origin
54
synovial joints range of motion
movement described in the directional terms relative to line/axes around which part moves
55
Nonaxial
no axis around which movement occurs
56
uniaxial
movement in one plane
57
biaxial
movement in 2 planes
58
mulitaxial
movement in or around all 3 planes
59
C1 and C2 allow one to say?
No
60
Carpals slide against each other is example of what??
nonaxial
61
Rotation of head, flex/ext of forearm example
uniaxial
62
flex/ext of leg and some rotation example
biaxial
63
clavicles movement is example of
multiaxial
64
What are 3 different types of movements??
gliding angular rotation
65
Gliding movement
one flat bone surface glides/slips over another similar surface
66
Intercarpal and intertarsal joints, and between the flat articular processes of the vertebrae is example of what movement?
Gliding
67
Angular movement
``` reduction or increase in angle of articling parts Flex/Ext Dorisflexion and plantar flexion abd/add circumduction ```
68
Flexion
bending movement that decreases the angle of the jt
69
extension
reverse of flex, jt angle is increased
70
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
up and down movement of the foot
71
ABDuction
movement away from midline
72
ADDuction
movement toward the midline
73
Circumduction
movement describes a cone in space
74
rotation movement
the turning of a bone around its own long axis
75
Between first two vertebrae is an example of what?
rotation movement
76
hip and shoulder joints is example of what ?
rotation movement
77
Special movements
``` Sup/pronation inversion and eversion protraction/retraction elevation and depression opposition ```
78
Synovial joints have common feature but not?
structure
79
synovial joints movement
is based on shape of articulating structure
80
how many major categories of synovial its?
6
81
Plane (synovial) Joints
articular surfaces are essentially flat
82
Plane its allow only?
slipping or gliding movements
83
nonaxial joints are an example of what synovial jt?
plane joints
84
Hinge (syn) Jts
Cylindrical projections of one bone fits into a trough-shaped surface on another
85
Hinge joint motion
is along a single plane
86
Hinge joints are
uniaxial joints that permit flexion and extension only
87
elbow and interphalangeal joints are example of what synovial jt?
hinge jt

Anatomy 1 (8 decks)

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