Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy 1 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

Muscles nomenclature Muscles in action 1 and 2 (100 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

How do muscles work?

A

Skeletal muscles work together or in opposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Muscles only do what?

A

Muscles only pull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens to insertion and origin when muscles shorten?

A

As muscles shorten, the insertion generally moves toward the origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do muscles affect each other?

A

Whatever a muscle (or group of muscles) does, another muscle (or group) “undoes”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Origin

A

fixed or immovable point of attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Insertion

A

attachment to movable bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Prime Movers (agonist)

A

provide the major force for producing a specific movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antagonists

A

oppose or reverse a particular move; they can be a prime mover (located opposite side of joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Synergists

A

Add force to a move

reduce undesirable or unnecessary movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fixators

A

synergists that immobilize a bone or muscle’s origin (fixing of scapula)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fascicle

A

bundle of skeletal muscle fiber surrounded by perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Parallel

A

Fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle (sartorius)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

fusiform

A

spindle-shaped muscles

biceps brachii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pennate

A

short fascicles that attach obliquely to a central tendon running the length of the muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

convergent

A

fascicles converge converge from a broad origin to a single tendon insertion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Circular

A

fascicles are arranged in concentric rings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where do our muscles produce movement?

A

at joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do muscles act at joints?

A

Muscle only act at those joints that lie between it origin and insertion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

First question to ask yourself about muscle mechanics?

A

What joint or joints the muscle crosses?

Assume subject is in anatomical position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Optimum Angle of Pull

A

Optimum is reached when two bones are just near a right angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

MAJOR SKEL MUSCLES: ANTERIOR VIEW

A

40 superficial muscles here are divided into 10 regional areas of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Maj skel mus: post view

A

27 superficial muscles divided into 7 regional areas of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Frontalis

A

covers forehead and dome of skull and raises eyebrows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

sphincter muscle of eyelid

produces blinking and squinting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Zygomaticus
smiling muscle
26
Masseter
PM of jaw closure
27
Platysma
assists depressing mandible | Pulls lower lip back and down; tenses skin of neck
28
Temporalis
Closes Jaw elevates and retracts mandible holds mandible at rest position
29
sternocleidomastoid
bisects neck diagnolly
30
What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid?
manubrium of sternum and medial 1/3 of clavicle
31
What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?
mastoid process of temporal bone
32
What muscle is the prime mover action in the sternocleidomastoid?
head flexion and lateral flexion
33
sternohyoid
most medial muscle of neck, and Depression of hyoid bone
34
Trapezius
most superficial muscle of the posterior thorax; flat
35
What is the origin of the Trapezius muscle?
occipital bone | spinous process of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae
36
What is the insertion of Trapezius muscle?
lateral 1/3 of clavicle acromion process spine of scapula
37
What is action of upper fibers of traps ?
attach to clavicle aid suspending shoulder girdle | assists with elevate and upward rotation of scapula
38
Action of middle fibers of traps?
adduction of scapula, keeps scapulae from slipping laterally around the thorax when arms elevated
39
action of Lower fibers of traps?
stabilizes arm when trunk flexed example reach for high shelf
40
a shoulder shrug is an example of what fiber of the traps?
upper fibers
41
Bent-over or seated row is an example of what fiber of the traps?
middle fibers
42
Erector spinae are prime movers of what action and who are they?
back extension Iliocostalis longissimus spinalis
43
Iliocostalis
most lateral | extends from pelvis to neck
44
Longissimus
intermediate | lumbar region to skull
45
Spinalis
medial most | lumbar to cervical
46
Quadratus lumborum origin
iliac crest and iliolumbar fascia
47
Quadratus lumborum insertion
transverse processes of upper 4 lumbar vertebrae | and 12th rib
48
what does quadratus lumborum maintain?
upright posture | lateral flexes lumbar spine
49
Quadratus lumborum is a what for respiration?
accessory breathing muscle inspiration
50
Ab muscle consist of what?
lateral and anterior abdominal wall no bones 3 pairs=lateral wall external and internal oblique, transervsus abdominis, and rectus abdominis
51
When are abs the best?
best when muscle is toned (feels tough when relaxed)
52
ab muscles functions?
support protect movement (Iateral flexion ,rotation of trunk, anterior flexion of trunk) Relax during inspiration contracted aid in forced expiration Valsalva maneuver Defecation, childbirth, vomiting, coughing, burping and nose blowing
53
Rectus abodiminis
medial superficial muscle, vertical, lies on either side of the line alba, its the 6 pack
54
Rectus abdominis origin
pubic crest and adjacent ligament
55
Rectus abdominis insertion
xiphoid process, catrilages of ribs 5-7
56
external oblique origin
outer surface of lower 8 ribs
57
external oblique insertion
crest of pubic, linea alba iliac crest, and aponeurosis
58
internal oblique origin
anterior 2/3's iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and fascia sheaths
59
internal oblique insertion
lower 3-4 ribs, pubic crest, linea alba
60
Transversus abdominis origin
costal cartilage of lower 6 ribs, inguinal ligament, lumbodorsal fascia
61
Transversus abdominis insertion
Linea alba, pubic crest
62
What are the 9 muscles crossing the shoulder joint?
Prime movers: Latissimus dorsi Pectoralis major Deltoid ``` Rotator cuff: supraspinatus infraspinatus Teres minor subscapularis ``` Teres major Coracobrachialis
63
what makes up the anterior thorax?
Pec major and minor
64
Pectoralis major origin
clavicle, sternum, 1-6 ribs, apneurosis of external oblique muscle
65
Pec major insertion
greater tubercle of humerous
66
Pec major action
PM of arm flexion, internal or medial rotation-rotate toward midline of body
67
Pec minor origin
anterior surfaces of ribs 3-5
68
Pec minor insertion
coracoid process of scapula
69
Pec minor action
draws scapula fwd and downward with ribs fixed; draws rib cage superior with scapula fixed
70
Serratus Anterior location
lies deep to the scapula, inferior to pectorals on lateral rib cage
71
Serratus Anterior description
serrated or sawtooth
72
Serratus Ant origin
series of muscle slips from ribs 1-8
73
serratus ant insertion
anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula
74
Serratus ant action
PM to protract and hold scapula against chest wall rotates scapula: inferior angle moves laterally and upward, and play vital role in abduction and raising arm in horizontal plane
75
Latissimus Dorsi
broad flat triangular muscle of low back; play vital role in bringing arm down in a power stroke
76
Example latissimus dorsi use of power stroke
swimming(phelps) rowing hammering
77
Latissimus dorsi origin
lumbodorsal fascia, spines of t6-t12, spines of lumbar and sacral vertebrae, lower 3-4 rings, posterior iliac crest
78
Latissimus dorsi insertion
floor of bottom of intertubercular groove
79
Latissimus dorsi action
extends, adducts and rotates arm medially; draws shoulder downward and backward
80
deltoid forms
rounded shoulder muscle mass multipennate muscle
81
deltoid origin
1/3 clavicle acromion process spine of scapula
82
deltoid insertion
deltoid tuberosity of humerous
83
deltoid action
antagonist to pec major and latissimus dorsi PM abduction of arm anterior fibers flex and medially rotate humerus; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate humerus
84
rotator cuff
muscles and tendons that stab shoulder | they keep head of humerus in the glenoid cavity
85
Supraspinatus origin
supraspinatus fossa
86
Supraspinatus insertion
superior most part of greater tubercle of humerus
87
supraspinatus action
abduction arm stabilize shoulder jt assists prevention of downward dislocation of humerus
88
Infraspinatus origin
lateral border of dorsal scapular surface
89
infraspinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
90
infraspinatus action
lateral rotator of humorous; holds head of humerus in glenoid cavity
91
subscapularis origin
subscapularis fossa
92
subscapularis insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
93
subscapularis action
medial rotation of humerus; helps hold humerus in glenoid cavity
94
Teres Major origin
Posterior/dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula
95
Teres Major insertion
crest of lesser tubercle of humerus
96
Teres Maj action
extends medially rotates and adducts humerus; synergist to latissimus dorsi
97
Posterior Thorax location
at back and side of neck; deep to trapezius
98
Posterior Thorax origin
Transverse processes of C1-c4
99
Posterior Thorax insertion
vertebral border at the root of the spine
100
Posterior Thorax action
elevates and adducts scapula, similar to upper fibers of traps (synergists), when scapula fixed= flexes neck to same side

Anatomy 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions