Joints Flashcards
(23 cards)
Synostosis
Bone on bone joint
Ex) epiphyseal line
Suture
Skull
Gomphosis
Tooth to bone
Syndesmosis
Radius to ulna (fibrous tissue between the two)
Synovial joints
Highly moveable
Also called diarthrosis
Cartelagenous joints
Symphysis: vertebral column
Synchondrosus: epiphyseal plate
What is needed for joint movement?
Synovial fluid Nerves Tendons/ligaments Muscle/bone/blood Meniscus Articular cartilage
1st class lever
Fulcrum in the middle
Ex) head and neck joint
Lever
Rigid object that moves around a fixed point Ex) fulcrum
2nd class lever
Resistance in the middle
Ex) knee to hip
3rd class lever
Effort in the middle
Ex) arm for bicep curls
Ball and socket joint
Multiaxiel
Ex) shoulder, hip
Hinge joint
Monoaxiel
Ex) elbow, knee, interphalangeal joints
Pivot joint
Monoaxiel
Ex) radioulnar
Plane joint
Biaxiel
Ex) carpal bones
Saddle joint
Biaxiel
Ex) base of the thumb
Condylar joint
Biaxiel
Ex) radiocarpal joint of the wrist
Head/neck joint
Joint: condylar Lever: 1st class Movements: flexion, extension
Knee joint
Joint: hinge Lever: 2nd class Movements: flexion, extension
Wrist joint
Joint: plane joint
Lever: 3rd
Movements: extension, flexion, hyperextension
Jaw joint
Joint: hinge Lever: 2nd class Movements: protraction, retraction, flexion, extension, lateral/medial excursion
Shoulder/hip joint
Joint: ball and socket Lever: 3rd class Movements: adduction, abduction, rotation, flexion, extension
What are some typical disorders of joints?
Arthritis, bursitis, and dislocations.
