KA7 Flashcards
(12 cards)
what’s mutagenesis?
the creation of mutations in organisms DNA
what’s mutagenesis a result of?
process of which inducing mutations can be used to improve wild strains of microorganisms which can then be used in industry to produce desirable product
recombinant DNA technology
the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another. Can occur in same or different species. Such organisms are artificially transformed
what improvements can be made by introducing genes to microorganisms?
amplify specific metabolic steps, secrete product into surrounding medium, prevents microbe surviving in external environment
restriction endonucleases
used to cut out required gene from donor DNA and cleave open bacterial plasmid vector at specific restriction sites
ligase
seals sticky ends of required gene and plasmid DNA together to create recombinant plasmid
recombinant plasmid
vectors for artificial transformation of organisms. They posses marker gene and restriction sites, along with regulatory and self replication sequences
artificial chromosomes
possess all necessary features of vector but can carry much longer DNA sequences than plasmids from donor cell to recipient cell
restriction sites
same restriction endonuclease must be able to cut open restriction site used to cut DNA containing required gene, sticky ends must be complemtary
selectable marker gene
protect microorganism from selective agent (antibiotic) that normally kill or prevent growth
what do selectable marker gene present in vector ensure?
that only microorganisms that have taken up vector grow in presence of selective agent (antibiotic)
origin of replication
consists of genes that cotrol self replication of plasmid DNA and regulatory sequences that allow control of exisiting genes and expression of inserted genes. They are essential for generation of many copies
