Ka7 Evolution Flashcards
What is sympatric speciation
when gene flow between 2 or more populations is prevented by a behavioural or ecological barrier
What are the 2 types of speciation
Sympatric
Allopatric
What is speciation
the generation of a new biological species by evolution
As a result of isolation, mutations and selection
What is directional selection
Describe selection against deleterious sequences
deleterious sequences can code for a inferior version of a characteristic leaving the individual poorly adapted to the environment and having fewer then average offspring
This causes a non random reduction in this DNA code or even eliminate
lethal sequences disappear quicker than just harmful
What is vertical gene transfer
When genes are transferred down different generations through sexual and asexual reproduction
What is evolution
The change of characteristics in organisms over generations resulting of variations in the populations genome
What is an example of a geographical barrier
Sea
River
Mountain
Desert
What is allopatric speciation
When when flow between 2 or more populations is prevented by a geographical barrier
What is a species
A group of organism that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
What is disruptive selection
What is stabilising selection
What are the 3 types of selection pressures
Stabilising
Directional
Disruptive
Why is horizontal gene transfer important in prokaryotics
It is quicker
What is horizontal gene transfer
When genes are transferred between individuals in the same generation
